View source for Cattle Medicine Q&A 09

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'''A group of beef cattle presents with 4 weeks’ history of pruritus and extensive hair loss especially over the shoulder, neck, and ears. The cattle are frequently observed rubbing against walls and fence posts.'''

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<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What conditions would you consider?
|a1=
The most likely conditions to consider include: lice (pediculosis); forage mites; sarcoptic mange; chorioptic mange; ringworm (''Trichophyton'' spp. infection).
|l1=Pediculosis
|q2=Which further tests could be undertaken?
|a2=
Inspection of the skin reveals extensive louse infestation.<br><br>
Microscopic examination of skin scrapings reveal numerous chewing (round mouthparts; ''Damalinia bovis'') and sucking lice (narrow and more pointed mouthparts; ''Linognathus vituli'').
|l2=Lice - Cattle
|q3=What actions/treatments would you recommend? 
|a3=
Treatment options include pour-on organophosphorous or pyrethroid (e.g.cypermethrin) compounds that effect rapid improvement but may require retreatment in 2–4 weeks. All in-contact cattle must be treated. Injectable avermectin products are not always wholly effective against chewing lice. <br><br>
Pediculosis is widespread in all beef herds and routine treatment is recommended at housing. Interestingly, bulls are invariably more severely affected than cows.
|l3=Ectoparasiticides
|q4=Are there any consequences of this problem?
|a4=
Disruption to grazing/feeding may cause reduced liveweight gain/loss of body 
condition in severe infestations, although very heavy burdens are more often a 
consequence rather than the cause of debility. Anaemia, as a consequence of 
severe infestations, is rare. 
|l4=
</FlashCard>

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