Difference between revisions of "Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology"
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
| − | The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the | + | The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]] which all have different functions, innervation and develop differently. The oropharynx is the oral section of the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]]. |
[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]] | [[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]] | ||
Revision as of 18:40, 4 January 2011
Introduction
The pharynx is the chamber connecting the oral cavity, nasal cavity, oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develop differently. The oropharynx is the oral section of the pharynx.
Structure and Function
The last molar borders rostrally and the epiglottis caudally. The tongue borders ventrally and the soft palate dorsally. It is derived from endoderm.
The oropharynx is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX). It is divided by the glossopalatine arch from the laryngeal pharynx.
Histology
The oropharynx has a stratified squamous epithelium. It is keratinised in ruminants. The lamina propria contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx.
Musculature
Constrictors
The constrictor muscles include the hyopharyngeus, thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus.
Dilators
The dilator muscle is the stylopharyngeus.
The pterygopharyngeus muscle shortens the oropharynx and the palatopharyngeus muscle closes the pharyngeal arch.
Innervation
Muscles from the pharyngeal arch are innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X). The stylopharyngeus from the pharyngeal arch is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).
Links
Test yourself with the Oropharynx Flashcards