Difference between revisions of "Immunological Testing Flashcards"

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[[Category:Immunological Testing|Z]][[Category:Immunology Flashcards]]

Revision as of 14:53, 7 February 2011

ELISA testing

Question Answer Article
What does the acronym ELISA stand for?
  • Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay
Link to Answer Article
What type of ELISA requires all the reagents to be added at once?
  • Homogenous
Link to Answer Article
What are the five basic steps of an ELISA test?
  • Adsorption of antigen/antibody onto solid phase
  • Addition of chosen sample and reagents
  • Incubation and washing
  • Addition of enzyme-labelled antigen/antibody
  • Addition of specific substrate
Link to Answer Article

Immunofluorescence

Question Answer Article
The adsorption of light by a molecule is known as what?
  • Excitation
Link to Answer Article
What are the fluorescent dyes commonly known as?
  • Fluorochromes
Link to Answer Article
What are the advantages of indirect staining?
  • Brighter fluorescence
  • One preparation can be used to test many serum samples
  • Relative expressions of different antigens in the same cell can be tested
  • Loss of antibody during conjugation is limited
Link to Answer Article
What technique is used to provide a quantitative measure of immunofluorescence?
  • Flow cytometry
Link to Answer Article

Radioimmunoassay

Question Answer Article
What are radioimmunoassays commonly used to detect?
  • Hormone levels in blood and tissue fluids
  • Serum proteins
  • Drugs
  • Vitamins
Link to Answer Article
What is the most common isotope used for radioimmunoassay?
  • Iodine-125
Link to Answer Article
Why is it important to measure the amount of antibody that binds to 50% of the labelled antigen?
  • Ensures the number of epitopes present exceeds number of antibody-binding sites
Link to Answer Article
What are the disadvantages of the radioimmunoassay?
  • Substances used are radioactive
  • Gamma radiation requires special counting equipment
  • Iodine naturally accumulates in the thyroid gland
Link to Answer Article

Agglutination

Question Answer Article
What are the antibodies that produce agglutination known as?
  • Agglutinins
Link to Answer Article
What constitutes the end of the agglutination test?
  • The last tube showing distinct agglutination
Link to Answer Article
What does the titre represent?
  • The number of antibodies per unit volume of serum
Link to Answer Article
What is the prozone effect?
  • An inhibition of agglutination caused by an excess of antibodies
Link to Answer Article
What agglutination test is often used to test for rhesus disease?
  • Coombs test
Link to Answer Article