Difference between revisions of "Sodium and Water Deficiency"
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(Created page with "===Deficiency of Both Sodium and Water=== * Known as "salt depletion". * The effects of the sodium (and therefore chloride) loss predominate. ** There is clinically detectable d...") |
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* Renal involvement may become significant. | * Renal involvement may become significant. | ||
+ | ===Water Excess=== | ||
+ | * Known as "water intoxication". | ||
− | + | ====Causes==== | |
− | [[Category: | + | |
+ | * Results from induced hypo-osmolality, e.g. | ||
+ | ** Excessive administration of water to previously deprived animals. | ||
+ | ** Administration of large volumes of water to animals with acute renal failure. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Effects==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * The ECF osmolality is reduced. | ||
+ | * Water is transferred to the cells and they become "water-logged". | ||
+ | ** Intracellular oedema in the CNS results in convulsions and death. | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Circulatory Disorders - Pathology]] |
Revision as of 14:15, 14 February 2011
Deficiency of Both Sodium and Water
- Known as "salt depletion".
- The effects of the sodium (and therefore chloride) loss predominate.
- There is clinically detectable dehydration.
Causes
- Gastro-intestinal disorders.
- Gut crises.
- Intestinal obstruction.
- Torsions.
- Ruminal/ abomasal impaction.
- Excessive and prolonged sweating.
- Heat exhaustion.
- Renal disease.
- Nephritis.
- May also be associated with diabetes mellitus toxicity.
- Severe haemorrhage or burns.
- Result in severe plasma losses.
Effects
- Loss of sodium and chloride reduces the osmolality of extracellular fluid.
- There is a simultaneous loss of water.
- Water is transferred from the ECF to cells.
- Cells over-hydrate and may rupture.
- ECF volume falls.
- Resultis in haemoconcentration and peripheral circulatory failure.
- Renal involvement may become significant.
Water Excess
- Known as "water intoxication".
Causes
- Results from induced hypo-osmolality, e.g.
- Excessive administration of water to previously deprived animals.
- Administration of large volumes of water to animals with acute renal failure.
Effects
- The ECF osmolality is reduced.
- Water is transferred to the cells and they become "water-logged".
- Intracellular oedema in the CNS results in convulsions and death.