Difference between revisions of "Joints Degenerative - Pathology"
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− | # | + | ===[[Degenerative Joint Disease]] === |
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+ | ====== | ||
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+ | ====[[Patellar Luxation]]==== | ||
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+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ====[[Atlantoaxial Luxation]]==== | ||
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+ | ====[[Temporomandibular Luxation]]==== | ||
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+ | |||
+ | ===[[Calve Legg-Perthe's Disease]]=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===[[Degenerative Arthropathy]]=== | ||
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+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===[[Joint Trauma]]=== | ||
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+ | |||
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+ | ===Nutritional diseases=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====[[Hypervitaminosis A]]==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===[[Disc Protrusion]]=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Cervical spinal stenosis=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Usually funnel-shaped | ||
+ | *Stenosis in dorso-ventral plane | ||
+ | *May occur at more than one site | ||
+ | *Predisposed in some breeds: Great Dane, Doberman, Basset Hound, Irish Wolfhound, Old English Sheepdog | ||
+ | *Clinical signs: cervical pain -> ataxia -> quadriplegia | ||
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+ | [[Category:Joints - Degenerative Pathology]] | ||
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+ | |||
+ | ===Cervicospinal arthropathy=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * = "'''Wobbler'''" in horses | ||
+ | *Usually presents in first two years of life | ||
+ | *Mainly in fast growing thouroughbreds | ||
+ | *Most common site is C3-C4, can occur anywhere | ||
+ | *Abnormal laxity between the vertebrae + cervical vertebral malformation may be evident | ||
+ | *[[Musculoskeletal Terminology - Pathology|Osteophyte formation]] at edges of synovial components of joint | ||
+ | *Some due to stenosis of neural canal later in life (1-4 years of age) | ||
+ | *Clinical signs: | ||
+ | **Ataxia - hindlimbs more affected | ||
+ | *Presumed cause is rapid growth | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Joints - Degenerative Pathology]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===Spondylosis=== | ||
+ | [[Image:Spondylosis.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Spondylosis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Often in bulls and dogs, occurs also in horses, cats and pigs | ||
+ | *[[Musculoskeletal Terminology - Pathology|Osteophyte]] formation on ventral aspect of vertebrae | ||
+ | **Often around lumbar region | ||
+ | **Adjacent to intervertebral spaces | ||
+ | **Varies in size - small spurs -> 'bridges' between vertebrae | ||
+ | **May extend over few vertebrae | ||
+ | *Pathogenesis: | ||
+ | **Repeated abnormal movement between joints -> stress | ||
+ | ** -> Degeneration of [[Joints - Anatomy & Physiology#Fibrocartilagenous joints|''annulus fibrosis'']] | ||
+ | ** -> [[Musculoskeletal Terminology - Pathology|Osteophyte]] formation | ||
+ | *In dogs usually no symptoms | ||
+ | *In bulls may cause inability to mount | ||
+ | *In severe cases repeated damage may progress to recurrent posterior weakness and ataxia in conjuction with fractures of spondylitic and vertebral bone | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Joints - Degenerative Pathology]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===Cranial cruciate ligament rupture=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Autoantibodies against collagens seen in the joint fluid – no relationship to the disease (ie: not an autoimmune disease) – can be seen in any joint disease | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Joints - Degenerative Pathology]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===Steroid arthropathy=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *From glucocorticoids injected into joint as antiinflammatories | ||
+ | *Injection sometimes causes rapid progression of degeneration | ||
+ | *Glucocortyicois suppress anabolic effect of chondrocytes -> reduction of cartilage matrix syhthesis -> proteoglycan depletion -> slower repair | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Joints - Degenerative Pathology]] |
Revision as of 15:40, 3 March 2011
Degenerative Joint Disease
==
Patellar Luxation
Atlantoaxial Luxation
Temporomandibular Luxation
Calve Legg-Perthe's Disease
Degenerative Arthropathy
Joint Trauma
Nutritional diseases
Hypervitaminosis A
Disc Protrusion
Cervical spinal stenosis
- Usually funnel-shaped
- Stenosis in dorso-ventral plane
- May occur at more than one site
- Predisposed in some breeds: Great Dane, Doberman, Basset Hound, Irish Wolfhound, Old English Sheepdog
- Clinical signs: cervical pain -> ataxia -> quadriplegia
Cervicospinal arthropathy
- = "Wobbler" in horses
- Usually presents in first two years of life
- Mainly in fast growing thouroughbreds
- Most common site is C3-C4, can occur anywhere
- Abnormal laxity between the vertebrae + cervical vertebral malformation may be evident
- Osteophyte formation at edges of synovial components of joint
- Some due to stenosis of neural canal later in life (1-4 years of age)
- Clinical signs:
- Ataxia - hindlimbs more affected
- Presumed cause is rapid growth
Spondylosis
- Often in bulls and dogs, occurs also in horses, cats and pigs
- Osteophyte formation on ventral aspect of vertebrae
- Often around lumbar region
- Adjacent to intervertebral spaces
- Varies in size - small spurs -> 'bridges' between vertebrae
- May extend over few vertebrae
- Pathogenesis:
- Repeated abnormal movement between joints -> stress
- -> Degeneration of annulus fibrosis
- -> Osteophyte formation
- In dogs usually no symptoms
- In bulls may cause inability to mount
- In severe cases repeated damage may progress to recurrent posterior weakness and ataxia in conjuction with fractures of spondylitic and vertebral bone
Cranial cruciate ligament rupture
- Autoantibodies against collagens seen in the joint fluid – no relationship to the disease (ie: not an autoimmune disease) – can be seen in any joint disease
Steroid arthropathy
- From glucocorticoids injected into joint as antiinflammatories
- Injection sometimes causes rapid progression of degeneration
- Glucocortyicois suppress anabolic effect of chondrocytes -> reduction of cartilage matrix syhthesis -> proteoglycan depletion -> slower repair