Difference between revisions of "Contagious Porcine Pleuropneumonia"
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| − | # | + | Caused by [[Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae]] |
| + | |||
| + | *Clinical signs and epidemiology: | ||
| + | **Acute disease in susceptible herds with high morbidity and mortality (up to 50%) | ||
| + | **In acute outbreaks, pigs may be dyspnoeic, pyrexic or anorexic | ||
| + | **Blood-stained froth surrounding nose and mouth | ||
| + | **Cyanosis | ||
| + | **Pregnant sows abort | ||
| + | **Causes [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae|pneumonia]] in pigs | ||
| + | **Carrier herds have some immunity, protecting from acute disease, where lesions are often subclinical, and deaths sporadic | ||
| + | **Lung scarring and pleural adhesions in many recovered animals | ||
| + | **Solid immunity develops in recovered animals to all serotypes | ||
| + | **The disease is spread between herds by carrier pigs | ||
| + | *Diagnosis: | ||
| + | **Haemorrhagic consolidation close to the main bronchi and fibrinous pleuritis may be suggestive | ||
| + | **Specimens are cultured on chocolate agar and blood agar in 5-10% carbon dioxide for 2-3 days | ||
| + | **Small colonies surrounded by clear haemolysis | ||
| + | **No growth on MacConkey agar | ||
| + | **Positive CAMP reaction with ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' | ||
| + | **Most strains are NAD-dependent (grow on Heated Blood agar) | ||
| + | **Immunofluorescent- or PCR-based techniques | ||
| + | **The bacteria on the [[Tonsils - Anatomy & Physiology#Palatine|palatine tonsil]] may remain undetected by serological tests and swabbing, and can therefore cause an outbreak in naive pigs | ||
| + | *Treatment: | ||
| + | **Antibiotics depending on the strain of bacteria | ||
| + | **Prophylactic antibiotics for in-contact pigs | ||
| + | *Control: | ||
| + | **Killed and polyvalent bacterin vaccines as well as a subunit vaccine are available | ||
| + | **Improve ventilation, avoid chilling and overcrowding | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Caused by [[Haemophilus pleuropneumonia|''Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumonia'']] | ||
| + | *Seen mainly between 6wks-6mths of age but will affect any age | ||
| + | *Highly pathogenic strains are capable of initiating disease on their own with high mortality in young pigs | ||
| + | *A fibrinonecrotic [[Bronchitis#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|broncho]][[Pneumonia Overview#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] with [[Pleuritis|pleurisy]] | ||
| + | *Foci of haemorrhagic consolidation or necrosis, mainly around major bronchi, tend to sequestrate | ||
| + | *Tending to spread throughout all lung lobes: therefore a cranioventral distribution may not be particularly evident | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Pig]][[Category:To_Do_-_Kate]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]] | ||
Revision as of 17:46, 4 March 2011
Caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
- Clinical signs and epidemiology:
- Acute disease in susceptible herds with high morbidity and mortality (up to 50%)
- In acute outbreaks, pigs may be dyspnoeic, pyrexic or anorexic
- Blood-stained froth surrounding nose and mouth
- Cyanosis
- Pregnant sows abort
- Causes pneumonia in pigs
- Carrier herds have some immunity, protecting from acute disease, where lesions are often subclinical, and deaths sporadic
- Lung scarring and pleural adhesions in many recovered animals
- Solid immunity develops in recovered animals to all serotypes
- The disease is spread between herds by carrier pigs
- Diagnosis:
- Haemorrhagic consolidation close to the main bronchi and fibrinous pleuritis may be suggestive
- Specimens are cultured on chocolate agar and blood agar in 5-10% carbon dioxide for 2-3 days
- Small colonies surrounded by clear haemolysis
- No growth on MacConkey agar
- Positive CAMP reaction with Staphylococcus aureus
- Most strains are NAD-dependent (grow on Heated Blood agar)
- Immunofluorescent- or PCR-based techniques
- The bacteria on the palatine tonsil may remain undetected by serological tests and swabbing, and can therefore cause an outbreak in naive pigs
- Treatment:
- Antibiotics depending on the strain of bacteria
- Prophylactic antibiotics for in-contact pigs
- Control:
- Killed and polyvalent bacterin vaccines as well as a subunit vaccine are available
- Improve ventilation, avoid chilling and overcrowding
- Caused by Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumonia
- Seen mainly between 6wks-6mths of age but will affect any age
- Highly pathogenic strains are capable of initiating disease on their own with high mortality in young pigs
- A fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia with pleurisy
- Foci of haemorrhagic consolidation or necrosis, mainly around major bronchi, tend to sequestrate
- Tending to spread throughout all lung lobes: therefore a cranioventral distribution may not be particularly evident