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| − | == Synonyms ==
| + | #redirect[[Lawsonia intracellularis]] |
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| − | Porcine intestinal adenomatosis
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| − | Characteristic proliferation of mucosa.
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| − | ==== Clinical ====
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| − | *Really only seen in the pig.
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| − | **Can affect all ages of pig.
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| − | *Clinical signs are variable.
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| − | **Anything from poor weight gain to diarrhoea, weight loss, cachexia and death.
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| − | *Seen often as problem in closed, low infection herds.
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| − | **Not seen in pigs with lots of other pathogens in guts.
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| − | ==== Pathogenesis ====
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| − | *Caused by [[Lawsonia intracellularis|''Lawsonia intracellularis'']].
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| − | **A spirochete that does not grow well except in tissue culture.
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| − | ==== Pathology ====
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| − | *The terminal [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] are affected by proliferation of the mucosal epithelium.
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| − | *'''Gross'''
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| − | **Thickened mucosal epithelium.
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| − | **Has almost polypoid-like nodules several millimetres in diameter.
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| − | **Undifferentiated epithelium replaces goblet cells.
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| − | ***Appears almost neoplastic.
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| − | *'''Histologically'''
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| − | **Very similar to a virus induced proliferation.
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| − | **Organisms seen in the apical part of epithelial cells lining glands of terminal [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]], [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] and [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caecum]].
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| − | **May produce mild ulceration in mucosa and mild inflammatory infiltration.
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| − | <br>
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| − | *Porcine adenomatosis complex can be divided into four distinct syndromes:
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| − | *#'''Intestinal adenomatosis'''
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| − | *#*THe basic hyperplastic and metaplastic changes are seen in the epithelium. [[Image:Porcine intestinal adenomatosis campylobacter.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Campylobacter mucosalis in intracellular porcine intestinal adenomatosis (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)]]
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| − | *#*Causes chronic weight loss and diarrhoea.
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| − | *#'''Necrotic enteritis'''
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| − | *#*Predominately affects the [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] and terminal [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]].
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| − | *#*Parts of the hyperplastic mucosa develop erosions and ulcerations.
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| − | *#**These areas become [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colonised]] by ''Fusiformis'' baceria.
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| − | *#***Gives areas of coagulative necrosis covered by a thick diptheretic membrane.
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| − | *#'''Terminal ileitis'''
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| − | *#*Characterised by marked hypertrophic thickening of the muscular portion of the wall of the terminal [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]].
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| − | *#*Gives an attendant stenosis of the lumen of the [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]].
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| − | *#*There is associated thickening of the mucosa due to hypertrophy and secondary granulomatous inflammation.
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| − | *#**This is presumably caused by a degree of obstruction to the passage of ingesta along the bowel caused by the mucosal hypertrophy.
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| − | *#*Appears very similar to Johnes disease
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| − | *#**Lots of mononuclear cells and a chronic granulomatous type of inflammation.
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| − | *#'''Proliferative haemorrhagic syndrome'''.
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| − | *#*The bowel shows proliferation but with ulceration and copious haemorrhage into the bowel lumen.
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| − | *#*Animals are often be found dead.
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| − | *#*The pathogenesis is unclear.
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| − | *#**May involve a type of hypersensitivity reaction or secondary infection of some type.
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| − | ==== Sequelae ====
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| − | *Resolution.
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| − | *Necrotic enteritis.
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| − | *Secondary chronic infection (regional enteritis).
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| − | *Porcine haemorrhgaic enteritis (PHE).
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| − | [[Category:Enteritis,_Proliferative]] [[Category:Intestinal_Diseases_-_Pig]] [[Category:Enteritis,_Bacterial]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Kate]]
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