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| + | [[Category:To Do - Steph]] |
| − | {{Podcasts
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| − | |link = http://media.bloomsburymediacloud.org/podcasts/wikivet-english/porcine-adenovirus
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| − | Also Known As: '''''pADV 1-5 — pADV A-C'''''
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| − | ==Introduction==
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| − | Porcine adenovirus causes [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] and gastrointestinal disease in piglets and is also often implicated in '''multifactorial respiratory''' diseases.
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| − | pADV-4 is thought to be the most pathogenic of the porcine [[Adenoviridae|adenoviruses]].
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| − | ==Distribution==
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| − | Worldwide
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| − | Transmission is '''faecal:oral'''
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| − | ==Signalment==
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| − | pADV is only known to affect '''swine.'''
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| − | ==Clinical Signs==
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| − | pADV is a '''low grade pathogen''', associated with short duration mild clinical signs.
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| − | '''[[Diarrhoea]], inappetance, dehydration and anorexia''' often present in various degrees of severity.
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| − | '''Dullness, depression, lethargy, listlessness and tremors''' may develop, often secondary to dehydration.
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| − | '''Reproductive''' disease may present as abortion and stillbirth pigs.
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| − | Respiratory disease, e.g. cough, dyspnoea, blue extremities etc. often develops when combined with other pathogens.
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| − | Subclinical and asymptomatic infections are common.
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| − | ==Diagnosis==
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| − | Histologically, pADV causes formation of '''nuclear inclusion bodies''' in the intestinal cells<ref> Buller, C. R., Moxley, R. A. (1988) '''Natural infection of porcine ileal dome M cells with rotavirus and enteric adenovirus.''''' Vet Path'', 25(6):516-517; 9</ref>.
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| − | '''Viral isolation can be performed in tissue cultures'''. Cells infected become rounded and enlarged and then detach from the vessel.
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| − | Viral particles can be seen via '''electron microscopy''' up to 6 days post infection.
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| − | '''Immunoperoxidase and [[Immunofluorescence|immunofluorescent]]''' staining can demonstrate viral antigen.
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| − | '''Antibodies''' can be detected serologically with '''[[immunodiffusion]], [[Complement Fixation|complement fixation]], serum neutralisation and [[ELISA testing|ELISA]].'''
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| − | ==Treatment==
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| − | '''None''' is usually necessary as disease is mild and/or transient.
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| − | Affected animals can become dehydrated and so '''symptomatic treatment''' with fluid replacement solutions is recommended.
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| − | ==Control==
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| − | '''None''' is usually practised although a study has demonstrated beneficial use of a vaccine<ref> Kadoi, K (1997) '''Beneficial use of inactivated porcine adenovirus vaccine and antibody response of young pigs.''''' New Microbiol''. 20:89-91</ref>
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| − | {{Learning
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| − | |flashcards = [[Porcine Adenovirus Flashcards]]
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| − | }}
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| − | ==References==
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| − | <references/>
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| − | {{CABI source
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| − | |datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=68580&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 porcine adenoviruses] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=68588&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 porcine adenovirus infection]
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| − | |date =16 June 2011
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| − | <br><br>
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| − | {{Mandy Nevel
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| − | |date = 09 September 2011
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| − | }}
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| − | {{OpenPages}}
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| − | [[Category:Adenoviridae]] | |
| − | [[Category:Gastric Diseases - Pig]][[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Pig]]
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| − | [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Pig]]
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| − | [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Pig]]
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| − | [[Category:Pig Viruses]]
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| − | [[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]
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