Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Renal Flash Cards - Anatomy & Physiology

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Question	Answer	Link
To which ion is most transport in the proximal tubule linked?	Sodium	Link
Which transporter found in the basolateral membrane is essential to maintain low intracellular sodium levels?	Sodium/potassium ATPase	Link
Why does the concentration of the tubular fluid remain constant along the tubule despite the reabsorption of ions such as sodium?	Water passively follows the reabsorbed sodium so the concentration remains fairly similar but the volume is reduced	Link
When being reabsorbed alone how does sodium enter the epithelial cells?	Via ion channels	Link
Sodium is able to leave the intersitium and enter the blood because...?	The blood has a low hydrostatic and high protein osmotic pressure	Link
What is the main route of potassium reabsorption from the proximal tubule?	paracellular	Link
Potassium is cleared from the cell using a co-transporter with which other ion?	Chlorine	Link
How is glucose reabsorbed?	Co-transported with sodium	Link
The plasma concentration at which glucose can first be detected in the urine is called?	The renal threshold for glucose	Link
Define Splay?	Between the renal threshold and T-Max the amount of glucose filtered and the amount of glucose in the urine is not linearly related. This is becuase some nephrons have a greater capacity for reabsorbtion than others and are not overcome as easily.	Link
Define T Max?	Is the point at which every nephron is running at full capacity of reabsorping glucose. After this point the glucose cocentration filtered and excreted increase linearly.	Link
How is hydrogen excreted?	Sodium/hydrogen antiporter	Link
Which enzyme is pivotal in the reuptake of bicarbonate?	Carbonic anhydrase	Link
How is protein reabsorbed?	Endocytosis	Link
What is the name of the process by which many drugs are excreted into the proximal tubule?	Primary Active Secretion	Link