Difference between revisions of "Encephalomyocarditis Virus Flashcards"
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| − | <FlashCard questions=" | + | <FlashCard questions="5"> |
| − | |q1=What disease does the Encephalomyocarditis virus cause in pigs | + | |q1=What disease does the ''Encephalomyocarditis virus cause in pigs? |
| − | |a1=Encephalomyocarditis. The disease affects the nervous, reproductive, respiratory and circulatory system of pigs. | + | |a1= Encephalomyocarditis. The disease affects the nervous, reproductive, respiratory and circulatory system of pigs. |
|l1=Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | |l1=Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | ||
| − | |q2= | + | |q2=what type of virus is ''Encephalomyocarditis virus''(EMCV)? |
| − | |a2= A single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus | + | |a2= A single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus |
|l2= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | |l2= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | ||
|q3= What are the properties of EMCV? | |q3= What are the properties of EMCV? | ||
|a3= | |a3= | ||
| − | *It is stable over a wide range of pH | + | *It is stable over a wide range of pH. |
*The virus is ether-resistant | *The virus is ether-resistant | ||
| − | *It can be inactivated at 60°C for 30 minutes (although some are more thermally stabile) | + | *It can be inactivated at 60°C for 30 minutes (although some are more thermally stabile). |
|l3= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | |l3= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | ||
| − | |q4=Can EMCV infect humans? | + | |q4=Can the ''Encephalomyocarditis virus''(EMCV)infect humans? |
| − | |a4= Antibodies for EMCV have been found in humans but there are no reports that the virus causes human heart disease | + | |a4= Antibodies for EMCV have been found in humans but there are no reports that the virus causes human heart disease |
|l4= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | |l4= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | ||
| − | |q5= | + | |q5=what are the hosts for (EMCV)? |
|a5= The domestic host for this virus is the pig and it is the most susceptible to EMCV infection. Other hosts include: | |a5= The domestic host for this virus is the pig and it is the most susceptible to EMCV infection. Other hosts include: | ||
*Chimpanzees | *Chimpanzees | ||
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*Racoons | *Racoons | ||
|l5= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Signalment | |l5= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Signalment | ||
| − | |q6=What are the clinical signs associated with EMCV? | + | |q6=What are the clinical signs associated with (EMCV)? |
|a6= The disease causes: | |a6= The disease causes: | ||
*High mortality in young pigs | *High mortality in young pigs | ||
*Reproductive failures in breeding females | *Reproductive failures in breeding females | ||
*Piglets suffer from myocarditis, encephalitis and sudden death due to myocardial failure | *Piglets suffer from myocarditis, encephalitis and sudden death due to myocardial failure | ||
| + | |||
| + | The clinical signs include: | ||
*Vomiting and regurgitation | *Vomiting and regurgitation | ||
*Anorexia, pyrexia, fasciculations, tachypnea, dyspnea, and open mouth breathing | *Anorexia, pyrexia, fasciculations, tachypnea, dyspnea, and open mouth breathing | ||
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|l6= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Clinical Signs | |l6= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Clinical Signs | ||
|q7=How is the virus believed to be spread? | |q7=How is the virus believed to be spread? | ||
| − | |a7= | + | |a7= Throughh rodents (major reservoir of the disease)that can infect pigs directly or through diseased carcasses and contaminated feeds or water supplies. |
|l7= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Epidemiology | |l7= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Epidemiology | ||
| − | |q8=What is the distribution of EMCV? | + | |q8=What is the distribution of ''Encephalomyocarditis virus''(EMCV)? |
| − | |a8= Worldwide; cases were first reported in Central America, Florida and Australia | + | |a8= Worldwide; cases were first reported in Central America, Florida and Australia |
|l8= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Distribution | |l8= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Distribution | ||
|q9=How can EMCV be diagnosed? | |q9=How can EMCV be diagnosed? | ||
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|a10= | |a10= | ||
*Cardiomegaly | *Cardiomegaly | ||
| − | *Myocardial lesions with yellow or white necrotic foci, usually on the epicardium of the right ventricle. | + | *Myocardial lesions with yellow or white necrotic foci (2-15mm diameter), usually on the epicardium of the right ventricle. (also characteristic of Vitamin E and selenium deficiency). |
| − | Infected foetuses can grossly vary depending on the stage of pregnancy and infection. Foetuses can be haemorrhagic, oedematous or apparently normal. | + | Infected foetuses can grossly vary depending on the stage of pregnancy and infection and myocardial lesions may be indistinguishable from other viral infections. Foetuses can be haemorrhagic, oedematous or apparently normal. |
Acutely affected pigs may not show any gross lesions on post mortem. | Acutely affected pigs may not show any gross lesions on post mortem. | ||
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*Focal or diffuse accumulation of mononuclear cells | *Focal or diffuse accumulation of mononuclear cells | ||
*Vascular congestion and oedema | *Vascular congestion and oedema | ||
| − | *Degeneration of the myocardial fibres with necrosis and occasional mineralization of necrotic heart muscle | + | *Degeneration of the myocardial fibres with necrosis and occasional mineralization of necrotic heart muscle. |
| − | |||
Within brain tissue: | Within brain tissue: | ||
*Congestion | *Congestion | ||
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*Perivascular infiltration (mononuclear cells) | *Perivascular infiltration (mononuclear cells) | ||
*Neuronal degeneration | *Neuronal degeneration | ||
| − | |||
Within foetuses: | Within foetuses: | ||
*Nonsuppurative encephalitis | *Nonsuppurative encephalitis | ||
*Myocarditis | *Myocarditis | ||
| − | + | l11= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Diagnosis | |
|q12=What treatment is there for encephalomyocarditis? | |q12=What treatment is there for encephalomyocarditis? | ||
|a12=There is no specific treatment. Mortality levels in at risk pigs can be reduced by avoiding stress or excitation. | |a12=There is no specific treatment. Mortality levels in at risk pigs can be reduced by avoiding stress or excitation. | ||
|l12= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Treatment | |l12= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Treatment | ||
| − | |q13=How can EMCV be | + | |q13=How can EMCV be controled? |
|a13= | |a13= | ||
| − | *Inactivated vaccine (intramuscularly) in the USA. | + | *Inactivated vaccine(intramuscularly)in the USA. *Control rodent populations on farm to prevent the spread of disease and contamination of feeds or water supply |
| − | *Control rodent populations on farm to prevent the spread of disease and contamination of feeds or water supply | ||
*Good husbandry and hygiene protocols should be followed | *Good husbandry and hygiene protocols should be followed | ||
*Regular use of disinfectants | *Regular use of disinfectants | ||
|l13= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Control | |l13= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Control | ||
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</FlashCard> | </FlashCard> | ||
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[[Category:CABI Flashcards]] | [[Category:CABI Flashcards]] | ||
[[Category:Reproductive Diseases Flashcards]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]] | [[Category:Reproductive Diseases Flashcards]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]] | ||
| + | [[[[Category:To Do - Jaimie Meagor]] | ||
Revision as of 11:48, 30 June 2011
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| What disease does the Encephalomyocarditis virus cause in pigs? | Encephalomyocarditis. The disease affects the nervous, reproductive, respiratory and circulatory system of pigs.
|
Link to Article | |
| what type of virus is Encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV)? | A single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the properties of EMCV? |
|
Link to Article | |
| Can the Encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV)infect humans? | Antibodies for EMCV have been found in humans but there are no reports that the virus causes human heart disease
|
Link to Article | |
| what are the hosts for (EMCV)? | The domestic host for this virus is the pig and it is the most susceptible to EMCV infection. Other hosts include:
|
Link to Article | |
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