Difference between revisions of "Mites - Hamsters"
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| − | = | + | ==[[Demodicosis]]== |
| + | Two species of ''[[Demodex]]'' mites affect the hamster: 40% of infestations are caused by ''Demodex criceti'', a short mite with a short stumpy body that is thought to be non-pathogenic. The remaining 60% are caused by '''''Demodex aurati''''' which is a cigar-shaped mite that burrows into the pilosebaceous unit of the hair follicle. | ||
| − | + | Demodecosis in hamsters is not zoonotic. | |
| − | |||
===Signalment=== | ===Signalment=== | ||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
===Clinical Signs=== | ===Clinical Signs=== | ||
| − | Lesions present as a moderate to severe '''dry''' and '''scaly alopecia''' that | + | Lesions present as a moderate to severe '''dry''' and '''scaly alopecia''' that begins on the '''back''' but eventually '''generalises'''. The lesions are generally '''non-pruritic'''. |
===Diagnosis=== | ===Diagnosis=== | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
===Treatment=== | ===Treatment=== | ||
Several treatments are reported: | Several treatments are reported: | ||
| − | + | :Injection of '''Ivermectin''' repeated '''twice''' at '''10-14 day intervals'''. This may not be effective but is the first line of treatment. | |
| − | + | :'''Benzoyl Peroxide shampoo''' to flush the hair follicles. | |
| − | + | :Amitraz (diluted) applied topically to the lesions is a reported treatment. However it is '''extremely toxic in hamsters''' even when diluted so should '''not''' be used. | |
| − | + | :Oral daily Ivermectin is also reported as a treatment. | |
| − | Underlying disease such as '''adrenal gland disease''', '''neoplasia''', '''severe environmental stress''', '''malnutrition''' and other '''systemic disease''' should be identified and treated where possible. Diagnostic tests such as radiography, ultrasonography, | + | Underlying disease such as '''adrenal gland disease''', '''neoplasia''', '''severe environmental stress''', '''malnutrition''' and other '''systemic disease''' should be identified and treated where possible. Diagnostic tests such as radiography, ultrasonography, haematology, urinalysis and serum biochemistry may be performed to achieve this. |
| − | Environmental management: | + | Environmental management: <br> |
| − | + | The cage should be completely cleaned and non-toxic pelleted bedding used. | |
| − | + | ==Other Mites== | |
| − | Hamsters may also be affected by the ear mite species ''Notoedres''. The presenting sign is dermatitis of the ears, face, feet and tail. | + | Hamsters may also be affected by the ear mite species ''[[Notoedres]]''. The presenting sign is dermatitis of the ears, face, feet and tail. |
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | Bond, Hendricks, Loeffler (2009) '''Veterinary Dermatology''' RVC Intergrated BVetMed Course, ''Royal Veterinary College'' | + | Bond, Hendricks, Loeffler (2009) '''Veterinary Dermatology''' RVC Intergrated BVetMed Course, ''Royal Veterinary College'' |
| − | Brown, SA & Rosenthal KL (1997) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review Small Mammals''' ''Manson Publishing Ltd'' | + | |
| + | Brown, SA & Rosenthal KL (1997) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review Small Mammals''' ''Manson Publishing Ltd'' | ||
| + | |||
Merck & Co (2009) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' (Ninth Edition), ''Merial'' | Merck & Co (2009) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' (Ninth Edition), ''Merial'' | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | [[Category: | + | {{review}} |
| + | [[Category:Expert Review - Exotics]] | ||
Revision as of 15:04, 16 July 2011
Demodicosis
Two species of Demodex mites affect the hamster: 40% of infestations are caused by Demodex criceti, a short mite with a short stumpy body that is thought to be non-pathogenic. The remaining 60% are caused by Demodex aurati which is a cigar-shaped mite that burrows into the pilosebaceous unit of the hair follicle.
Demodecosis in hamsters is not zoonotic.
Signalment
Demodecosis tends to affect hamsters over 1.5 years old and is normally a result of under-nutrition, immunosuppression or concurrent disease. A higher incidence is reported in males.
Clinical Signs
Lesions present as a moderate to severe dry and scaly alopecia that begins on the back but eventually generalises. The lesions are generally non-pruritic.
Diagnosis
Deep skin scrapings or hair plucks followed by microscopic examination to identify the mite.
Treatment
Several treatments are reported:
- Injection of Ivermectin repeated twice at 10-14 day intervals. This may not be effective but is the first line of treatment.
- Benzoyl Peroxide shampoo to flush the hair follicles.
- Amitraz (diluted) applied topically to the lesions is a reported treatment. However it is extremely toxic in hamsters even when diluted so should not be used.
- Oral daily Ivermectin is also reported as a treatment.
Underlying disease such as adrenal gland disease, neoplasia, severe environmental stress, malnutrition and other systemic disease should be identified and treated where possible. Diagnostic tests such as radiography, ultrasonography, haematology, urinalysis and serum biochemistry may be performed to achieve this.
Environmental management:
The cage should be completely cleaned and non-toxic pelleted bedding used.
Other Mites
Hamsters may also be affected by the ear mite species Notoedres. The presenting sign is dermatitis of the ears, face, feet and tail.
References
Bond, Hendricks, Loeffler (2009) Veterinary Dermatology RVC Intergrated BVetMed Course, Royal Veterinary College
Brown, SA & Rosenthal KL (1997) Self-Assessment Colour Review Small Mammals Manson Publishing Ltd
Merck & Co (2009) The Merck Veterinary Manual (Ninth Edition), Merial
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