Difference between revisions of "Paronychia"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with "==Introduction== Paronychia refers to '''inflammation of the soft tissue around the claw'''. It can be caused by a variety of diseases, and these diseases can lead to other claw...")
(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{OpenPagesTop}}
 
 
==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
Paronychia refers to '''inflammation of the soft tissue around the claw'''. It can be caused by a variety of diseases, and these diseases can lead to other claw lesions.
+
Paronychia refers to '''inflammation of the soft tissue around the claw'''.
 +
 
 +
It can be caused by a variety of diseases, and these diseases can lead to other claw lesions.
 +
 
 +
'''Devon Rex''', Cornish Rex and Selkirk Rex cats are predisposed to developing ''Malassezia'' paronychia.
 +
 
 +
It is also commonly present in '''dogs'''.
  
 
Diseases linked to the development of paronychia include:
 
Diseases linked to the development of paronychia include:
Line 23: Line 28:
  
 
'''Neoplasia''':
 
'''Neoplasia''':
:subungual [[Squamous Cell Carcinoma|squamous cell carcinoma]]
+
:subungual squamous cell carcinoma
:[[melanoma]]
+
:melanoma
 
:eccrine carcinoma
 
:eccrine carcinoma
:[[osteosarcoma]]
+
:osteosarcoma
 
:subungual keratoacanthoma
 
:subungual keratoacanthoma
 
:inverted squamous papilloma
 
:inverted squamous papilloma
Line 36: Line 41:
 
'''[[Diabetes Mellitus]]'''
 
'''[[Diabetes Mellitus]]'''
  
==Signalment==
+
==Clinical Signs==
'''Devon Rex''', Cornish Rex and Selkirk Rex cats are predisposed to developing ''Malassezia'' paronychia.
+
Animals will '''lick''' at their feet and claws.
  
It is also commonly present in '''dogs'''.
+
There might be '''lameness and pain''', with swelling and erythema of the claw or ungual fold.
  
==Clinical Signs==
+
There may be deformity of '''sloughing of the claw''', or it may have an abnormal colour.
Animals will '''lick''' at their feet and claws. There might be '''lameness and pain''', with swelling and erythema of the claw or ungual fold. There may be deformity of '''sloughing of the claw''', or it may have an abnormal colour.
 
  
 
==Diagnosis==
 
==Diagnosis==
A complete physical and dermatological examination is indicated. Tests might include: '''skin scrapings, fungal culture, Wood's lamp examination and cytology'''.
+
A complete physical and dermatological examination is indicated.
  
Cytology of the exudate may reveal neutrophilic inflammation with acanthocytes, which can be present in large numbers in cases of [[Pemphigus Foliaceus]], or in smaller numbers in cases of deep pyoderma due to different types of infection.
+
Tests might include: '''skin scrapings, fungal culture, Wood's lamp examination and cytology'''.
 +
 
 +
Cytology of the exudate may reveal neutrophilic inflammation with acanthocytes, which can be present in large numbers in cases of Pemphigus Foliaceus, or in smaller numbers in cases of deep pyoderma due to different types of infection.
  
 
'''Bacterial culture and sensitivity''' may be indicated and a skin biopsy may be necessary for definitive diagnosis.
 
'''Bacterial culture and sensitivity''' may be indicated and a skin biopsy may be necessary for definitive diagnosis.
  
'''Radiographs''' can be performed to evaluate the phalanges for [[osteomyelitis]] or any neoplastic change.
+
'''Radiographs''' can be performed to evaluate the phalanges for osteomyelitis or any neoplastic change.
  
'''Haematology, biochemistry''', [[FIV]] and [[FeLV]] tests may be indicated if a systemic disease is suspected.
+
'''Haematology, biochemistry''', FIV and FeLV tests may be indicated is a systemic disease is suspected.
  
 
==Treatment==
 
==Treatment==
Line 73: Line 79:
 
[http://www.felipedia.org/~felipedi/wiki/index.php?title=Welcome_to_Felipedia.org Felipedia.org]
 
[http://www.felipedia.org/~felipedi/wiki/index.php?title=Welcome_to_Felipedia.org Felipedia.org]
  
 
+
[[Category:To Do - Helen]]
{{review}}
+
[[Category:To Do - Review]]
 
 
{{OpenPages}}
 
[[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Dog]]
 
[[Category:Expert Review - Small Animal]]
 

Revision as of 10:38, 2 September 2011

Introduction

Paronychia refers to inflammation of the soft tissue around the claw.

It can be caused by a variety of diseases, and these diseases can lead to other claw lesions.

Devon Rex, Cornish Rex and Selkirk Rex cats are predisposed to developing Malassezia paronychia.

It is also commonly present in dogs.

Diseases linked to the development of paronychia include:

Infection:

Bacteria
Malassezia
Dermatophytosis
Demodicosis
Leishmaniasis
FeLV
Sarcoptic Mange

Immune-mediated:

Pemphigus
Bullous Pemphigoid
SLE
Drug eruption
Symmetrical lupoid onchodystrophy
Atopy

Neoplasia:

subungual squamous cell carcinoma
melanoma
eccrine carcinoma
osteosarcoma
subungual keratoacanthoma
inverted squamous papilloma

Trauma

Nutritional deficiencies

Diabetes Mellitus

Clinical Signs

Animals will lick at their feet and claws.

There might be lameness and pain, with swelling and erythema of the claw or ungual fold.

There may be deformity of sloughing of the claw, or it may have an abnormal colour.

Diagnosis

A complete physical and dermatological examination is indicated.

Tests might include: skin scrapings, fungal culture, Wood's lamp examination and cytology.

Cytology of the exudate may reveal neutrophilic inflammation with acanthocytes, which can be present in large numbers in cases of Pemphigus Foliaceus, or in smaller numbers in cases of deep pyoderma due to different types of infection.

Bacterial culture and sensitivity may be indicated and a skin biopsy may be necessary for definitive diagnosis.

Radiographs can be performed to evaluate the phalanges for osteomyelitis or any neoplastic change.

Haematology, biochemistry, FIV and FeLV tests may be indicated is a systemic disease is suspected.

Treatment

The nail shell can be surgically removed.

Antimicrobial soaks or shampoos can be used locally.

Most importantly, the underlying condition should be identified and treated specifically.


Paronychia Learning Resources
FlashcardsFlashcards logo.png
Flashcards
Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions
Small Animal Dermatology Q&A 09


References

Merck and Co (2008) Merck Veterinary Manual Merial

Helton Rhodes, K. (2011) Blackwell's Five minute veterinary consult: small animal dermatology Wiley-Blackwell

Felipedia.org