Difference between revisions of "Red-leg Syndrome"
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Siobhanbrade (talk | contribs) (Created page with "Also Known As: '''''Red-leg Disease''''' ==Introduction== '''Red-leg syndrome''' is a serious condition in '''amphibians''' that is caused by '''septicaemia'''. The most common ...") |
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Also Known As: '''''Red-leg Disease''''' | Also Known As: '''''Red-leg Disease''''' | ||
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==Clinical Signs== | ==Clinical Signs== | ||
| − | The clinical signs associated with the septicaemia are '''erythema''' and '''full-thickness ulceration''' of the skin - particularly on the '''limbs'''. Systemic signs such as anorexia and lethargy are seen prior to '''death'''. Mortality rates are high. | + | The clinical signs associated with the [[Septicaemia and Enteritis, Bacterial|septicaemia]] are '''erythema''' and '''full-thickness ulceration''' of the skin - particularly on the '''limbs'''. Systemic signs such as anorexia and lethargy are seen prior to '''death'''. Mortality rates are high. |
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
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==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
| − | Any affected or in-contact frogs should be placed in '''isolation''', in tanks with a low stocking density. High levels of''' hygiene''' should be maintained until healing has | + | Any affected or in-contact frogs should be placed in '''isolation''', in tanks with a low stocking density. High levels of''' hygiene''' should be maintained until healing has occured. |
There are two options for medical treatment: | There are two options for medical treatment: | ||
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Maclean, B (2006) '''Common dermatoses of ornamental fish and amphibians''' ''In Practice 2006 28: 604-613'' | Maclean, B (2006) '''Common dermatoses of ornamental fish and amphibians''' ''In Practice 2006 28: 604-613'' | ||
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Revision as of 08:21, 14 September 2011
Also Known As: Red-leg Disease
Introduction
Red-leg syndrome is a serious condition in amphibians that is caused by septicaemia. The most common causative organism is Aeromonas hydrophila, but infection with other Aeromonas spp. and Gram-negative organisms such as Pseudomonas and Proteus spp. can also result in the disease. Infection normally occurs secondary to poor husbandry and sanitation, or the feeding of contaminated foodstuffs.
Clinical Signs
The clinical signs associated with the septicaemia are erythema and full-thickness ulceration of the skin - particularly on the limbs. Systemic signs such as anorexia and lethargy are seen prior to death. Mortality rates are high.
Diagnosis
The clinical signs are very suggestive of the condition, but specific microbiological culture is necessary to confirm diagnosis. A thioglycholate broth that is incubated at 30°C at a reduced oxygen atmosphere is used to grow the bacterium.
Treatment
Any affected or in-contact frogs should be placed in isolation, in tanks with a low stocking density. High levels of hygiene should be maintained until healing has occured.
There are two options for medical treatment:
- Administration of an effective bacteriocidal antibiotic (based on culture and sensitivity) orally or intramuscularly to individual frogs.
- Administration of enrofloxacin to the tank water of the affected frogs.
Control
Husbandry measures such as strict quarantine, high hygiene standards and dietary control can prevent outbreaks.
Prognosis
As Gram-negative organisms are normally very virulent in amphibians, the prognosis is guarded to poor.
| Red-leg Syndrome Learning Resources | |
|---|---|
 Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions |
Reptiles and Amphibians Q&A 08 |
References
Frye, FL & Williams, DL (1995) Self-Assessment Colour Review - Reptiles & Amphibians Manson
Maclean, B (2006) Common dermatoses of ornamental fish and amphibians In Practice 2006 28: 604-613