Difference between revisions of "Haemophilus species"
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| − | # | + | <big><center>[[Infectious agents and parasites|'''BACK TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PARASITES''']]</center></big> |
| + | <big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big> | ||
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| + | ===''Haemophilus characteristica''=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Morphologically variable Gram-negative bacilli, ranging from short rods to long filaments | ||
| + | *Facultative anaerobes | ||
| + | *Typically oxidase positive | ||
| + | *Depend on beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) (V factor) and/or Haemin (X fector) for growth | ||
| + | *Heated blood agar (Chocolate Agar) required for growth of NAD-dependent strains | ||
| + | *Haemin-dependent strains grow on Blood Agar | ||
| + | *Do not grow on MacConkey agar | ||
| + | *Inhabit mucosal epithelium of respiratory and genital tract | ||
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| + | ===''Haemophilus parasuis''=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Serotype B causes Glasser's disease in pigs | ||
| + | *Glasser's disease | ||
| + | **Due to transport, environmental stresses, dietary and managemental factors | ||
| + | **Acute septicaemia | ||
| + | **Causes a polyserositis - pericarditis, [[Peritoneal cavity - inflammatory#Peritonitis|peritonitis]], pleurisy and meningitis - in pigs 3-10 weeks old | ||
| + | **Also causes suppurative [[Bacterial infections#Glasser's disease|bronchopneumonia, pleuritis]], [[Joints - inflammatory#In Pigs|polyarthritis]] (also ''H. suis) | ||
| + | **Expressed lesions vary between animals - meningitis is most consistent, arthritis in 20% of cases | ||
| + | **Sporadic outbreaks in the UK | ||
| + | **Can be fatal in 2-5 days | ||
| + | **Mortality up to 50% insome outbreaks | ||
| + | **Chronic arthritis, meningitis and intestinal obstruction due to adhesions in surviving pigs | ||
| + | *Fibrinous pneumonia secondary to enzootic pneumonia or virus infection | ||
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| + | ===''Haemophilus somnus''=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *''Haemophilus sommus'' in [[Bacterial infections#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|Enzootic pneumonia of calves]] | ||
| + | *Causes infectious thromboencephalitis in cattle 1-3 years old | ||
| + | *Found in the USA and Europe, including UK | ||
| + | *Causes a meningoencephalitis with fibrinous arterial thrombosis and necrosis | ||
| + | *Causes fever, staggering and dyspnoea, progressing to somnolence, paralysis and death | ||
| + | *Mortality can be high | ||
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| + | ===''Haemophilus pleuopneumonia''=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *''H. pleuropneumonia'' in [[Bacterial infections#Contagious porcine pleuropneumonia|Contagious porcine pleuropneumonia]] | ||
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| + | ===''Haemophilus paragalinarum''=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Infectious coryza of poultry | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ===''Haemophilus influenzae''=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Human meningitis, septicaemia, bronchopneumonia, conjunctivitis, epiglottitis, and otitis | ||
Revision as of 15:37, 17 December 2007
Haemophilus characteristica
- Morphologically variable Gram-negative bacilli, ranging from short rods to long filaments
- Facultative anaerobes
- Typically oxidase positive
- Depend on beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) (V factor) and/or Haemin (X fector) for growth
- Heated blood agar (Chocolate Agar) required for growth of NAD-dependent strains
- Haemin-dependent strains grow on Blood Agar
- Do not grow on MacConkey agar
- Inhabit mucosal epithelium of respiratory and genital tract
Haemophilus parasuis
- Serotype B causes Glasser's disease in pigs
- Glasser's disease
- Due to transport, environmental stresses, dietary and managemental factors
- Acute septicaemia
- Causes a polyserositis - pericarditis, peritonitis, pleurisy and meningitis - in pigs 3-10 weeks old
- Also causes suppurative bronchopneumonia, pleuritis, polyarthritis (also H. suis)
- Expressed lesions vary between animals - meningitis is most consistent, arthritis in 20% of cases
- Sporadic outbreaks in the UK
- Can be fatal in 2-5 days
- Mortality up to 50% insome outbreaks
- Chronic arthritis, meningitis and intestinal obstruction due to adhesions in surviving pigs
- Fibrinous pneumonia secondary to enzootic pneumonia or virus infection
Haemophilus somnus
- Haemophilus sommus in Enzootic pneumonia of calves
- Causes infectious thromboencephalitis in cattle 1-3 years old
- Found in the USA and Europe, including UK
- Causes a meningoencephalitis with fibrinous arterial thrombosis and necrosis
- Causes fever, staggering and dyspnoea, progressing to somnolence, paralysis and death
- Mortality can be high
Haemophilus pleuopneumonia
- H. pleuropneumonia in Contagious porcine pleuropneumonia
Haemophilus paragalinarum
- Infectious coryza of poultry
Haemophilus influenzae
- Human meningitis, septicaemia, bronchopneumonia, conjunctivitis, epiglottitis, and otitis