Difference between revisions of "Urethral Prolapse"
(Created page with "==Introduction== Prolapse of the urethra occurs when there is '''extrusion of the urethral mucosa out of the urethral orifice in male dogs'''. It occurs most commonly in '''youn...") |
|||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
It occurs most commonly in '''young''' (9-18 months), '''intact English bulldogs and Boston terriers''' and is rare in other breeds and unreported in the cat. | It occurs most commonly in '''young''' (9-18 months), '''intact English bulldogs and Boston terriers''' and is rare in other breeds and unreported in the cat. | ||
| − | The condition is '''idiopathic''', but is thought to occur during periods of '''excessive sexual excitement''' or may occur concurrently with urinary tract infections or urethral calculi. | + | The condition is '''idiopathic''', but is thought to occur during periods of '''excessive sexual excitement''' or may occur concurrently with urinary tract infections or [[Urolithiasis|urethral calculi]]. |
==Clinical Signs== | ==Clinical Signs== | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
This is usually done on the basis of the history, clinical signs, and visualisation of the prolapse. | This is usually done on the basis of the history, clinical signs, and visualisation of the prolapse. | ||
| − | '''Further workup''' may be indicated for an underlying urinary disease, and urinalysis and | + | '''Further workup''' may be indicated for an underlying urinary disease, and urinalysis and culture as well as abdominal radiography and prostate palpation may be indicated. |
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
This may be sufficient in some cases, but '''surgical correction is the treatment of choice''' in most cases as there is less recurrence. | This may be sufficient in some cases, but '''surgical correction is the treatment of choice''' in most cases as there is less recurrence. | ||
| − | '''Urethropexy''': involves surgical resection of the prolapsed part of the urethra with a urinary catheter in place. The | + | '''Urethropexy''': involves surgical resection of the prolapsed part of the urethra with a urinary catheter in place. The remaining cut end is sutured to the tunic of the penis with [[Suture Materials and Patterns#Simple Interrupted|simple interrupted sutures]] of fine [[Suture Materials and Patterns#Absorbable sutures|absorbable suture material]]. Resection can be performed for half the circumference of the penis at a time to prevent retraction of the mucosa and the need for stay sutures. |
'''Post-operatively''', an Elisabethan collar should be placed to prevent licking of the wound. | '''Post-operatively''', an Elisabethan collar should be placed to prevent licking of the wound. | ||
| Line 42: | Line 42: | ||
Pasquini, C. (1999) '''Tschauner's Guide to Small Animal Clinics''' ''Sudz Publishing'' | Pasquini, C. (1999) '''Tschauner's Guide to Small Animal Clinics''' ''Sudz Publishing'' | ||
| − | [[Category: | + | |
| − | [[Category: | + | {{review}} |
| + | [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Dog]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Expert Review - Small Animal]] | ||
Revision as of 22:28, 18 October 2011
Introduction
Prolapse of the urethra occurs when there is extrusion of the urethral mucosa out of the urethral orifice in male dogs.
It occurs most commonly in young (9-18 months), intact English bulldogs and Boston terriers and is rare in other breeds and unreported in the cat.
The condition is idiopathic, but is thought to occur during periods of excessive sexual excitement or may occur concurrently with urinary tract infections or urethral calculi.
Clinical Signs
The condition may be asymptomatic or there may be a history of haematuria, stranguria and pollakiuria.
The dog may lick its penis excessively and there may be bleeding from the tip.
A red, pea-shaped structure will be visible at the end of the penis.
Diagnosis
This is usually done on the basis of the history, clinical signs, and visualisation of the prolapse.
Further workup may be indicated for an underlying urinary disease, and urinalysis and culture as well as abdominal radiography and prostate palpation may be indicated.
Treatment
The prolapse should be reduced by placement of a urinary catheter and a purse string suture as a temporary measure.
This may be sufficient in some cases, but surgical correction is the treatment of choice in most cases as there is less recurrence.
Urethropexy: involves surgical resection of the prolapsed part of the urethra with a urinary catheter in place. The remaining cut end is sutured to the tunic of the penis with simple interrupted sutures of fine absorbable suture material. Resection can be performed for half the circumference of the penis at a time to prevent retraction of the mucosa and the need for stay sutures.
Post-operatively, an Elisabethan collar should be placed to prevent licking of the wound.
Any urinary tract infections should be treated with antibiotics according to culture and sensitivity results.
Castration is recommended in all cases, or dogs should be kept away from oestrous bitches.
Prognosis is generally good depending on the chronicity of the condition.
| Urethral Prolapse Learning Resources | |
|---|---|
 Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions |
Small Animal Soft Tissue Surgery Q&A 15 |
References
Mazzaferro, E. (2011) Blackwell's Five Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion: Small animal ECC Wiley-Blackwell
Pasquini, C. (1999) Tschauner's Guide to Small Animal Clinics Sudz Publishing
 |
This article has been peer reviewed but is awaiting expert review. If you would like to help with this, please see more information about expert reviewing. |