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==Introduction==
=Immune Tolerance=
Immunological tolerance occurs when there is unresponsiveness towards particular antigens, so any further immune responses are prevented or suppressed. Tolerance is required to prevent:
Immunological tolerance occurs when there is unresponsiveness towards particular antigens, so any further immune responses are prevented or suppressed. Tolerance is required to prevent:
* Potentially harmful inflammatory responses towards innocuous substances, such as air-borne or food molecules
* Potentially harmful inflammatory responses towards innocuous substances, such as air-borne or food molecules
Regulatory T cells are unique in their use of a transcription repressor known as FoxP3 which is encoded by a gene on the X chromosome; rare deficiencies in FoxP3 are characterised by autoimmunity, primarily towards gut tissue, the thyroid, pancreative beta-cells and the skin. Sufferers are unable to produce regulatory T cells and the only known treatment is a bone marrow transplant from a MHC-identical sibling.
Regulatory T cells are unique in their use of a transcription repressor known as FoxP3 which is encoded by a gene on the X chromosome; rare deficiencies in FoxP3 are characterised by autoimmunity, primarily towards gut tissue, the thyroid, pancreative beta-cells and the skin. Sufferers are unable to produce regulatory T cells and the only known treatment is a bone marrow transplant from a MHC-identical sibling.
==Test yourself with the Immunology Flashcards==
{{Learning
[[Immune tolerance flashcards - Wikiblood|Immune tolerance flashcards]]
|flashcards = [[Immune tolerance flashcards - Wikiblood|Immune tolerance flashcards]]
|literature search =[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title:(%22immune+tolerance%22)+OR+title:(%22t+cell+tolerance%22)+OR+title:(%22mucosal+tolerance%22)&fq=sc:%22ve%22 Immune Tolerance publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title:(%22immune+tolerance%22)+OR+title:(%22t+cell+tolerance%22)+OR+title:(%22mucosal+tolerance%22)&fq=sc:%22ve%22 Immune Tolerance publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title:(%22regulatory+t+cells%22)&fq=sc:%22ve%22 Regulatory T-cell publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title:(%22regulatory+t+cells%22)&fq=sc:%22ve%22 Regulatory T-cell publications]
}}
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{{Jim Bee 2007}}
[[Category:Immunology]]
[[Category:Immunology]]