Difference between revisions of "Phagocytosis"
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*** Proteases: Digest protein | *** Proteases: Digest protein | ||
** Waste products of phagocytosis are either exocytosed or further degraded by the phagocyte | ** Waste products of phagocytosis are either exocytosed or further degraded by the phagocyte | ||
− | * | + | * [[Neutrophils|Neutrophils]] and [[Macrophages|macrophages]] are phagocytic |
* '''Opsonins''' promote and accelerate phagocytosis | * '''Opsonins''' promote and accelerate phagocytosis | ||
* Phagocytic cells target pathogens by using cell membrane receptors (PRRs) that recognise intrinsically foreign components of microorganisms (pathogen-associated molecular patterns; PAMPs) | * Phagocytic cells target pathogens by using cell membrane receptors (PRRs) that recognise intrinsically foreign components of microorganisms (pathogen-associated molecular patterns; PAMPs) |
Revision as of 09:17, 25 April 2012
- Phagocytosis is a very primitive system of defence against infection
- Even exists in invertebrates
- Phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis (cell eating), it is the method of removal of bacteria and dead cells by vesicular internalisation
- The internalised vesicle is referred to as the "phagosome"
- Lysosomes, which contain a large range of enzymes, fuse with the phagosome, killing the microbes in an energy-dependent way
- Oxygen-dependant degradation utilizes Oxygen and chlorine free-radicals, Hydrogen peroxide, and Nitric oxide
- Oxygen-independant degradation depends on granules containing proteolytic enzymes such as Defensins, Lysozyme, and cationic proteins
- In addition, these granules contain antimicrobial elements such as lactoferrin
- Microbes are then digested by a number of different catabolic enzymes
- Glycosidases: Digest carbohydrates
- Lipases: Digest lipids
- Proteases: Digest protein
- Waste products of phagocytosis are either exocytosed or further degraded by the phagocyte
- Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytic
- Opsonins promote and accelerate phagocytosis
- Phagocytic cells target pathogens by using cell membrane receptors (PRRs) that recognise intrinsically foreign components of microorganisms (pathogen-associated molecular patterns; PAMPs)
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Originally funded by the RVC Jim Bee Award 2007 |