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| − | {{toplink
| + | ===Complement Fixation Pathways=== |
| − | |backcolour = FFE4E1 | + | <FlashCard questions="10"> |
| − | |linkpage =Complement - WikiBlood | + | |q1=What are the names of the different pathways of the complement cascade? |
| − | |linktext =COMPLEMENT | + | |a1= |
| − | |sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBlood | + | *Classical |
| − | |subtext1 =WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS | + | *Alternative |
| − | |pagetype =Blood | + | *Mannose-binding Lectin |
| − | }}
| + | |l1=Complement#Compelment Fixation Pathways |
| | + | |q2=Which immunoglobulins can activate the classical pathway? |
| | + | |a2= |
| | + | *IgM |
| | + | *IgG |
| | + | |l2=Complement#Compelment Fixation Pathways |
| | + | |q3=What are the components of the C1 complex |
| | + | |a3= |
| | + | *C1q |
| | + | *C1r |
| | + | *C1s |
| | + | |l3=Complement#Compelment Fixation Pathways |
| | + | |q4=Which two complexes bind to make the enzyme C3 convertase? |
| | + | |a4= |
| | + | *C2a |
| | + | *C4b |
| | + | |l4=Complement#Compelment Fixation Pathways |
| | + | |q5=What initiates the membrane attack complex (MAC)? |
| | + | |a5=C3b |
| | + | |l5=Complement#Compelment Fixation Pathways |
| | + | |q6=What functions do the C fragments C3a, C4a, C5a and C2b have? |
| | + | |a6= |
| | + | *Chemotactic for neutrophils |
| | + | *Induces acute inflammation |
| | + | *Increases vascular permeability |
| | + | *Causes mast cell and basophil degranulation |
| | + | |l6=Complement#Compelment Fixation Pathways |
| | + | |q7=What are efficient activators of the alternative pathway? |
| | + | |a7= |
| | + | *Gram-negative bacteria |
| | + | *Yeasts |
| | + | *Fungi |
| | + | |l7=Complement#Alternative Pathway |
| | + | |q8=What are the main functions of the alternative pathway? |
| | + | |a8= |
| | + | *To coat bacteria with iC3b |
| | + | *To induce an acute inflammatory response |
| | + | |l8=Complement#Alternative Pathway |
| | + | |q9=What are lectins? |
| | + | |a9=Proteins which bind carbohydrates |
| | + | |l9=Complement#MB-Lectin Pathway |
| | + | |q10=What does MASP stand for? |
| | + | |a10=Mannose-binding lectin associated proteases |
| | + | |l10=Complement#MB-Lectin Pathway |
| | + | </FlashCard> |
| | | | |
| − | ==<font color="purple">Complement Fixation Pathways</font>== | + | ===Complement Inhibitors=== |
| − | {| border="3" cellpadding="8"
| + | <FlashCard questions="4"> |
| − | !width="400"|'''Question'''
| + | |q1=Which complement inhibitor exorts control over the classical pathway and how does it function? |
| − | !width="400"|'''Answer'''
| + | |a1= |
| − | !width="150"|'''Article'''
| + | *Delay acclerating factor (DAF) |
| − | |-
| + | **Increases the degredation of C1 esterase |
| − | |<big>'''What are the names of the different pathways of the complement cascade?'''
| + | |l1=Complement#Complement Inhibitors |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| + | |q2=What do factors I and H do? |
| − | *'''''Classical'''''
| + | |a2= |
| − | *'''''Alternative'''''
| + | *Breaks down C3b |
| − | *'''''Mannose-binding Lectin'''''
| + | *Controls positive feedback by inhibiting C3b¯Bb |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| + | *Prevents the complement cascade from running to exhaustion every time it is activated |
| − | |-
| + | |l2=Complement#Complement Inhibitors |
| − | |<big>'''Which immunoglobulins can activate the classical pathway?'''
| + | |q3=Which complement inhibitor binds inflammatory immune complexes in the plasma, transporting them to the liver for phagocytosis? |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| + | |a3=Complement receptor 1 (CR1) |
| − | *'''''IgM'''''
| + | |l3=Complement#Complement Inhibitors |
| − | *'''''IgG'''''
| + | |q4=What does CD59 do? |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| + | |a4= |
| − | |-
| + | *Prevents cell lysis and pore formation |
| − | |<big>'''What are the components of the C1 complex'''
| + | *It is a protective mechanism for cells |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| + | |l4=Complement#Complement Inhibitors |
| − | *'''''C1q'''''
| + | </FlashCard> |
| − | *'''''C1r'''''
| + | ===Functions of the Complement Cascade=== |
| − | *'''''C1s'''''
| + | <FlashCard questions="3"> |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| + | |q1=What are the stages of opsonisation? |
| − | |-
| + | |a1= |
| − | |<big>'''Which two complexes bind to make the enzyme C3 convertase?'''
| + | *The complement system deposits a shell of protein on the bacterial cell surface, e.g. complement fragments |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| + | *Complement fragments released are chemotactic for phagocytes |
| − | *'''''C2b'''''
| + | *iC3b acts as a target for phagocytosis |
| − | *'''''C4b'''''
| + | *Phagocytes bind with the complement fragments destroying the bacteria |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| + | |l1=Complement#Functions |
| − | |-
| + | |q2=What role do complement fragments have to promote inflammation? |
| − | |<big>'''What initiates the membrane attack complex (MAC)?'''
| + | |a2= |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| + | *Smaller complement fragments attract granulocytes to the site of inflammation |
| − | *'''''C3b'''''
| + | *Smaller complement fragments stimulate the degranulation of granulocytes |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| + | |l2=Complement#Functions |
| − | |-
| + | |q3=By which process can C5-C9 directly kill pathogens? |
| − | |<big>'''What functions do the Ca fragments have?'''
| + | |a3=Cell lysis |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| + | |l3=Complement#Functions |
| − | *'''''Chemotactic for neutrophils'''''
| + | </FlashCard> |
| − | *'''''Induces acute inflammation'''''
| |
| − | *'''''Increases vascular permeability'''''
| |
| − | *'''''Causes mast cell and basophil degranulation'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What are efficient activators of the alternative pathway?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| |
| − | *'''''Gram-negative bacteria'''''
| |
| − | *'''''Yeasts'''''
| |
| − | *'''''Fungi'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What are the main functions of the alternative pathway?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| |
| − | *'''''To coat bacteria with iC3b'''''
| |
| − | *'''''To induce an acute inflammatory response'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What are lectins?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| |
| − | *'''''Proteins which bind carbohydrates'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What does MASP stand for?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| |
| − | *'''''Mannose-binding lectin associated proteases'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |}
| |
| − | <br>
| |
| − | <br>
| |
| − | ==<font color="purple">Complement Inhibitors</font>==
| |
| − | {| border="3" cellpadding="8"
| |
| − | !width="400"|'''Question'''
| |
| − | !width="400"|'''Answer'''
| |
| − | !width="150"|'''Article'''
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''Which complement inhibitor exorts control over the classical pathway and how does it function?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big> | |
| − | *'''''Delay acclerating factor (DAF)''''' | |
| − | **'''''Increases the degredation of C1 esterase''''' | |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]] | |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What do factors I and H do?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big> | |
| − | *'''''Breaks down C3b''''' | |
| − | *'''''Controls positive feedback by inhibiting C3b¯Bb''''' | |
| − | *'''''Prevents the complement cascade from running to exhaustion every time it is activated''''' | |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]] | |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''Which complement inhibitor binds inflammatory immune complexes in the plasma, transporting them to the liver for phagocytosis?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big> | |
| − | *'''''Complement receptor 1 (CR1)'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]] | |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What does CD59 do?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big> | |
| − | *'''''Prevents cell lysis and pore formation''''' | |
| − | *'''''It is a protective mechanism for cells''''' | |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]] | |
| − | |} | |
| − | <br>
| |
| − | <br> | |
| | | | |
| − | ==<font color="purple">Functions of the Complement Cascade</font>==
| + | <br><br> |
| − | {| border="3" cellpadding="8" | + | {{Jim Bee 2007}} |
| − | !width="400"|'''Question'''
| + | [[Category:Immunology Flashcards]] |
| − | !width="400"|'''Answer'''
| |
| − | !width="150"|'''Article'''
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What are the stages of opsonisation?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| |
| − | *'''''The complement system deposits a shell of protein on the bacterial cell surface, e.g. complement fragments'''''
| |
| − | *'''''Complement fragments released are chemotactic for phagocytes'''''
| |
| − | *'''''iC3b acts as a target for phagocytosis'''''
| |
| − | *'''''Phagocytes bind with the complement fragments destroying the bacteria'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''What role do complement fragments have to promote inflammation?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| |
| − | *'''''Smaller complement fragments attract granulocytes to the site of inflammation'''''
| |
| − | *'''''Smaller complement fragments stimulate the degranulation of granulocytes'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |<big>'''By which process can C5-C9 directly kill pathogens?'''
| |
| − | ||<font color="white"> <big>
| |
| − | *'''''Cell lysis'''''
| |
| − | ||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
| |
| − | |}
| |
| − | <br>
| |
| − | <br>
| |