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Host Invasion by Microorganisms Flashcards (view source)
Revision as of 09:44, 24 May 2012
, 09:44, 24 May 2012→Parasites
===Host invasion===
<FlashCard questions="1">
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBlood
|q1=By what three routes can pathogens enter the body?
|subtext1 =WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS
|a1=
|pagetype =Blood
*Contact
*Aerosol
<br>
*Orofecal
==<font color="purple">Host invasion</font>==
|l1=Host invasion by microorganisms
</FlashCard>
===Viruses===
<FlashCard questions="8">
|q1=Naked viruses contain only...?
|-
|a1=RNA/DNA and protein coat
|<big>'''By what three routes can pathogens enter the body?'''
|l1=Viral Structure
||<font color="white"> <big>
|q2=Name three functions of viral structural proteins
*'''''Contact'''''
|a2=
*'''''Aerosol'''''
*Protection of the genome
*'''''Orofecal'''''
*Attachment to host cell
||[[Host invasion by microorganisms - WikiBlood|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
*Fusion of envelope to host cell membrane
|l2=Viral Structure
|q3=Name the two main innate defenses against viral infection
|a3=
*Interferon
*Natural killer cells
|l3=Immune Responses to Viral Infections
|q4=Upon viral infection, which antibody isotype is increased at mucosal surfaces?
|a4=[[IgA]]
|l4=Immune Responses to Viral Infections
|q5=What do antibodies stop free virus particles from doing?
|a5=Binding to host cell, entering and uncoating
|l5=Immune Responses to Viral Infections
|q6=By what mechanism is complement able to damage the virion envelope?
|a6=Virolysis
|l6=Immune Responses to Viral Infections
|q7=When coupled with antibodies, what mechanisms does complement aid in immune defence?
|a7=
*Blocking the virus receptor
*Lysis of infected cells
*Opsonisation of free particles or infected cells
|l7=Immune Responses to Viral Infections
|q8=What are the main cytokines CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells release to recruit macrophages?
|a8=
*IFN-γ
*TNF
|l8=Immune Responses to Viral Infections
</FlashCard>
===Bacteria===
<FlashCard questions="8">
|q1=Describe three ways prokaryotic DNA differs from eukaryotic DNA
|a1=
*Few repeated sequences
*Most of the DNA is transcibed
*No intervening sequences within structural genes
|l1=Bacterial Structure
|q2=These surface components allow bacteria to move around
|a2=Flagella
|l2=Bacteria Structure
|q2=Bacteria with an outer layer of lipopolysaccharide are classed as...
|a2=Gram-negative
|l2=Bacterial Structure
|q3=Bacteria with a round shape are classed as...
|a3=Cocci
|l3=Bacterial Structure
|q4=Bacteria with a long shape are classed as...
|a4=Rods or bacilli
|l4=Bacterial Structure
|q5=What are the four rules summarising the cause and effect relationship between bacteria and infection?
|a5=Koch's postulates
|l5=Bacterial Pathogenesis
|q6=What is the condition, characterised by excessive cytokine production, that is caused by bacterial components such as LPS?
|a6=Endotoxin shock
|l6=Bacterial Pathogenesis
|q7=By what mechanism do most bacteria replicate?
|a7=Binary fission
|l7=Bacterial Replication
|q8=By what three mechanisms can bacteria transfer DNA?
|a8=
*Transformation
*Transduction
*Conjugation
|l8=Bacterial Replication
</FlashCard>
===Parasites===
<FlashCard questions="6">
|q1=Do protozoa have a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell structure
|a1=Eukaryotic
|l1=:Category:Protozoa
|q2=What are the two main groups of helminth parasite?
|a2=
*Nematodes
*Platyhelminthes
|l2=:Category:Helminths
|q3=What is the main cell type that mediates the destruction of larger parasites?
|a3=Eosinophils
|l3=Immunity to Parasites
|q4=What T cell subtype is required to fight intracellular protozoa
|a4=T<sub>H</sub>1
|l4=Immunity to Parasites
|q5=What T cell subtype is required to fight intestinal worms?
|a5=T<sub>H</sub>2
|l5=Immunity to Parasites
|q6=How do antibodies defend against parasitic infection?
|a6=
*Directly damaging protozoa
*Activating complement
*Blocking attachment to host cells
*Enhancing macrophage phagocytosis
*Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
|l6=Immunity to Parasites
</FlashCard>
<br><br>
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
{{Jim Bee 2007}}
[[Category:Immunology Flashcards]]