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***K88 (F4) is associated with adhesion to the small intestinal mucosa of pigs
***K88 (F4) is associated with adhesion to the small intestinal mucosa of pigs
***K99 (F5) associated with adhesion in pigs and cattle (these fimbrial adhesins were originally thought to be capsular (K) antigens)
***K99 (F5) associated with adhesion in pigs and cattle (these fimbrial adhesins were originally thought to be capsular (K) antigens)
***The fimbrae are encoded by plasmids
***The fimbriae are encoded by plasmids
***These strains carry a plasmid which encodes an enterotoxin
***These strains carry a plasmid which encodes an enterotoxin
***Two types of enterotoxin: heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) toxins
***Two types of enterotoxin: heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) toxins
**Possibly carried by cattle
**Possibly carried by cattle
**Produce shiga-like toxin, a vero toxin
**Produce shiga-like toxin, a vero toxin
**Plasmid-coded fimbriae important for virulence
**Intimin produced allowing intimate attchment to intestinal epithelial cells
**Strains do not product LT or ST and are not enteroinvasive
**Attaching and effacing lesions, unrelated to toxin production
**Attaching and effacing lesions, unrelated to toxin production
**Disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombus formation
**Disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombus formation
**''E. coli'' O157:H7 causes haemorrhagic collitis-haemolytic uraemic syndrome in humans
**''E. coli'' O157:H7 causes haemorrhagic collitis-haemolytic uraemic syndrome in humans
*Cytotoxin necrotising factor-producing ''E. coli''
*Cytotoxin necrotising factor-producing ''E. coli''
**
**Infrequently cause diarrhoea in calves, pigs and humans
**Important virulence factors include toxin and fimbriae