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<big><center>[[Infectious agents and parasites|'''BACK TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PARASITES''']]</center></big>
 
<big><center>[[Infectious agents and parasites|'''BACK TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PARASITES''']]</center></big>
 
<big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big>
 
<big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big>
* Cause of [[Intestines - Proliferative Enteritis#Porcine Adenomatosis Complex|porcine intestinal adenomatosis]]
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===Overview===
 
===Overview===
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*Causes [[Intestines - Proliferative Enteritis#Porcine Adenomatosis Complex|porcine proliferative enteropathy]]
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*Grows intracellularly in pircine enterocytes
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*Excreted in small amounts in faeces of infected pigs
       
===Characteristics===
 
===Characteristics===
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*
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*Slender, curved, Gram negative rod
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*Microaerophilic
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*Obligate intracellular bacterium
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*Requires enterocyte tissue culture for growth
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===Pathogenesis and pathogenicity===
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*Affinity for porcine enterocytes
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*Causes proliferation of enterocytes
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*Adenomatous and inflammatory lesions develop in the terminal ilium, caecum and colon
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*Synergistic relationship between ''L. intracellularis'' and intestinal flora including ''E. coli'', ''Clostridium'' species and ''Bacteroides'' species
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*Intestinal organisms may produce correct oxygen tension and conditions for colonisation of ''L. intracellularis''
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*Infection can only take place in presence of intestinal flora
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===Clinical disease===
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*Proliferative enteropathy occurs in weaned pigs, 6-12 weeks old
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*Chronic intermittent diarrhoea with reduced growth or acute haemorrhagic enteropathy
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*Sudden heath in severe infections
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*Recovery from mild form in most animals without treatment
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*Post mortem lesions include thickened wall, mucosal necrosis with clotted blood in the lumen of the ilium, caecum and colon
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*Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes
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===Diagnosis===
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*Clinical signs and pathology give a presumptive diagnosis
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*Organisms demonstrated in faeces or ileal mucosa by immunofluorescence or PCR
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*Silver impregnation stains or immunostaining or lesions
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*Culture in enterocyte cell lines
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===Treatment and control===
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*Antibiotics such as tylosin, tiamulin used prophylactically or therapeutically in feed/water
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*Zinc bacitracin in feed
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*Thorough cleaning and disinfection of premises
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