Changes

== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

Epistaxis is the presence of blood at the external nares. It is not a disease alone and there are many underlying conditions that cause this clinical sign. There are many causes of epistaxis, which fall into various categories. Below is a comprehensive list of all causes of epistaxis.

Epistaxis is the presence of blood at the external nares. It is not a disease alone and there are many underlying conditions that cause this clinical sign. There are many causes of epistaxis, which fall into various categories. Below is a comprehensive list of all causes of epistaxis.

'''Respiratory Tract'''

'''Respiratory Tract'''

:: [[Aspergillosis|Nasal aspergillosis]]

:: [[Aspergillosis|Nasal aspergillosis]]

:: [[Progressive Ethmoidal Haematoma||Ethmoidal haematoma]]

:: [[Progressive Ethmoidal Haematoma|Ethmoidal haematoma]]

:: [[Exercise Induced Pulmonary Haemorrhage]]

:: [[Exercise Induced Pulmonary Haemorrhage]]

:: Rupture of rectus capitus

:: Rupture of rectus capitus

'''Cardiac'''

'''Cardiac'''

:: [[Mitral Insufficiency|Mitral insufficiency]]

:: [[Mitral insufficiency]]

:: [[Atrial Fibrillation|Atrial fibrillation]]

:: [[Atrial Fibrillation|Atrial fibrillation]]

'''Skeletal'''

'''Skeletal'''

::Head trauma, such as rupture of the longis captis muscle or the rectus capitus, or a basihyoid fracture can all cause epistaxis.

::Head trauma, such as rupture of the longis captis muscle or the rectus capitus, or a basihyoid fracture can all cause epistaxis.

== Clinical Signs ==

== Clinical Signs ==

[[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Horse]][[Category:Vascular Diseases - Horse]][[Category:Expert_Review - Horse]]

[[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Horse]][[Category:Vascular Diseases - Horse]][[Category:Expert_Review - Horse]]