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Yeast-like Fungi - Flashcards (view source)

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→‎Malassezia pachydermatis
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{{toplink
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|backcolour = f5fffa
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|linkpage =Yeast-like fungi
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|linktext =YEAST-LIKE FUNGI
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|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBugs
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|subtext1 =WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS
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|pagetype =Bugs
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}}
   
[[Image:Sour Crop.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Sour Crop - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
 
[[Image:Sour Crop.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Sour Crop - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
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==<font color="purple">Candidosis</font>==
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===Candidosis===
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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<FlashCard questions="4">
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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|q1=What are the three important species of ''Candida'' in animal infections?
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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|a1=
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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*C. albicans
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|-
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*C. tropicalis
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|<big>'''What are the three important species of ''Candida'' in animal infections?'''
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*C. pelliculosa  
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l1=Candida_spp.
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*'''''C. albicans'''''
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|q2=What are the clinical signs of a sour crop infection?
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*'''''C. tropicalis'''''
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|a2=
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*'''''C. pelliculosa'''''
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*White-grey lesions in mouth, oesophagus and crop
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Thickened crop wall
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|-
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*Yellow-white necrotic material in crop  
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|<big>'''What are the clinical signs of a sour crop infection?'''
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|l2=Candida_spp.
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|q3=What other conditions are ''Candida'' spp. implicated in?
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*'''''White-grey lesions in mouth, oesophagus and crop'''''
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|a3=
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*'''''Thickened crop wall'''''
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*Thrush in humans
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*'''''Yellow-white necrotic material in crop'''''
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*Metritis, pyometra and vaginitis in mares
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Genital candidiosis in stallions  
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|-
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*Bovine mastitis
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|<big>'''What other conditions are ''Candida'' spp. implicated in?'''
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*Porcine stomach ulcers
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l3=Candida_spp.
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*'''''Thrush in humans'''''
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|q4=How would you demonstrate a ''Candida'' infection?
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*'''''Metritis, pyometra and vaginitis in mares'''''
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|a4=
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*'''''Genital candidiosis in stallions'''''
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*Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy
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*'''''Bovine mastitis'''''
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*Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue stain
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*'''''Porcine stomach ulcers'''''
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*Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar  
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments
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|-
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|l4=Candida_spp.
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|<big>'''How would you demonstrate a ''Candida'' infection?'''
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</FlashCard>
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy'''''
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*'''''Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue stain'''''
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*'''''Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar'''''
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*'''''Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|}
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<br>
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==<font color="purple">Cryptococcosis</font>==
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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|-
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|<big>'''What is the main pathogenic species of ''Cryptococcus''?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''C. neoformans'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Where is ''Cryptococcus'' found in the environment?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Pigeon droppings'''''
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*'''''Fruit'''''
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*'''''Milk'''''
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*'''''Soil'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Which body systems are affected?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Respiratory'''''
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*'''''Visceral'''''
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*'''''Ocular'''''
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*'''''Skeletal'''''
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*'''''Systemic'''''
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*'''''Cutaneous'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Where is the most common site of infection in cats?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''The tip of the nose'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''How would you demonstrate a cryptococcosis infection?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''India Ink'''''
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*'''''PAS'''''
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*'''''Gram stain (positive)'''''
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*'''''Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar'''''
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*'''''Carbohydrate assimilation tests'''''
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*'''''Latex agglutination for antigen, complement fixation, ELISA and IFAT can be used'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|}
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<br>
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==<font color="purple">Geotrichosis</font>==
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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|-
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|<big>'''Which organs are usually affected in geotrichosis infections?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Udder'''''
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*'''''Mucous membranes'''''
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*'''''Bronchi'''''
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*'''''Lungs'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Geotrichosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''True or False: Geotrichosis infections are usually diagnosed post-mortem'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''True'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Geotrichosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|}
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<br>
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==<font color="purple">Malassezia pachydermidis</font>==
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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|-
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|<big>'''Where in the body is ''Malassezia pachydermidis'' usually found?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Oily areas'''''
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**'''''Ear canal'''''
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**'''''Skin'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Malassezia pachydermidis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''What is the pathogenesis of ''Malassezia pachydermidis'' infections?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Regional lesions on the muzzle, ears, interdigital area and the perianal region'''''
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*'''''Infection can also be generalised'''''
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*'''''Erythematous, hyperpigmented, lichenified and scaly lesions with alopecia'''''
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Malassezia pachydermidis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|}
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<br>
     −
==<font color="purple">Rhodotorula</font>==
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===Cryptococcosis===
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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<FlashCard questions="5">
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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|q1=What is the main pathogenic species of ''Cryptococcus''?
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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|a1=C. neoformans
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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|l1=Cryptococcosis
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|-
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|q2=Where is ''Cryptococcus'' found in the environment?
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|<big>'''What infections of dogs and horses are ''Rhodotorula'' spp. involved in?'''
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|a2=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Pigeon droppings
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*'''''Canine ear infections'''''
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*Fruit
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*'''''Equine uterine infections'''''
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*Milk
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Rhodotorula|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Soil
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|}
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|l2=Cryptococcosis
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<br>
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|q3=Which body systems are affected?
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==<font color="purple">Torulopsis glabrata</font>==
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|a3=
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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*Respiratory
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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*Visceral
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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*Ocular
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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*Skeletal
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|-
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*Systemic
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|<big>'''What infections are ''Torulopsis'' spp. involved in?'''
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*Cutaneous
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l3=Cryptococcosis
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*'''''Pyelonephritis, pneumonia, septicaemia and meningitis in humans'''''
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|q4=Where is the most common site of infection in cats?
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*'''''Mastitis and abortion in cattle'''''
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|a4=The tip of the nose
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*'''''Systemic infection of monkeys and dogs'''''
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|l4=Cryptococcosis
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Torulopsis glabrata|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|q5=How would you demonstrate a cryptococcosis infection?
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|}
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|a5=
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<br>
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*India Ink
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==<font color="purple">Trichosporonosis</font>==
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*PAS
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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*Gram stain (positive)
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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*Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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*Carbohydrate assimilation tests
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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*Latex agglutination for antigen, complement fixation, ELISA and IFAT can be used
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|-
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|l5=Cryptococcosis
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|<big>'''What infection is ''T. capitum'' involved in?'''
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</FlashCard>
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Bovine mastitis'''''
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===Geotrichosis===
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Trichosporonosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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<FlashCard questions="2">
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|-
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|q1=Which organs are usually affected in geotrichosis infections?
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|<big>'''What infections are ''Trichosporonosis beigelii'' involved in?'''
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|a1=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Udder
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*'''''Feline nasal granuloma'''''
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*Mucous membranes
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*'''''Skin infections in horses and monkeys'''''
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*Bronchi
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*'''''Bovine and ovine mastitis'''''
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*Lungs
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*'''''Feline bladder infections'''''
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|l1=Geotrichosis
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||[[Yeast-like fungi#Trichosporonosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|q2=True or False: Geotrichosis infections are usually diagnosed post-mortem
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|}
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|a2=True
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|l2=Geotrichosis
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</FlashCard>
 +
 
 +
===Malassezia pachydermidis===
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<FlashCard questions="2">
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|q1=Where in the body is ''Malassezia pachydermidis'' usually found?
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|a1=
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*Oily areas
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*Ear canal
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*Skin
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|l1=Yeast-like fungi#Malassezia pachydermatis
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|q2=What is the pathogenesis of ''Malassezia pachydermatis'' infections?
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|a2=
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*Malassezia spp are part of the normal skin flora in many animal species and overgrowth most commonly occurs secondary to a change in skin microclimate due to underlying disease processes like food allergy, atopic dermatitis, endocrinopathies or keratinization defects
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Regional lesions on the muzzle, ears, interdigital area and the perianal region
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*Infection can also be generalised
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*Erythematous, hyperpigmented, lichenified and scaly lesions with alopecia
 +
|l2=Yeast-like fungi#Malassezia pachydermidis
 +
</FlashCard>
 +
 
 +
===Rhodotorula===
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<FlashCard questions="1">
 +
|q1=What infections of dogs and horses are ''Rhodotorula'' spp. involved in?
 +
|a1=
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*Canine ear infections
 +
*Equine uterine infections
 +
|l1=Rhodotorula
 +
</FlashCard>
 +
 
 +
===Torulopsis glabrata===
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<FlashCard questions="1">
 +
|q1=What infections are ''Torulopsis'' spp. involved in?
 +
|a1=
 +
*Pyelonephritis, pneumonia, septicaemia and meningitis in humans
 +
*Mastitis and abortion in cattle
 +
*Systemic infection of monkeys and dogs
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|l1=Torulopsis glabrata
 +
</FlashCard>
 +
 
 +
===Trichosporonosis===
 +
<FlashCard questions="2">
 +
|q1=What infection is ''T. capitum'' involved in?
 +
|a1=Bovine mastitis
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|l1=Trichosporonosis
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|q2=What infections are ''Trichosporonosis beigelii'' involved in?
 +
|a2=
 +
*Feline nasal granuloma
 +
*Skin infections in horses and monkeys
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*Bovine and ovine mastitis
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*Feline bladder infections
 +
|l2=Trichosporonosis
 +
</FlashCard>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Yeast-like Fungi]][[Category:Fungi Flashcards]]
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