Difference between revisions of "Gut Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology"
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− | + | <big><center>[[Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | |
− | Various regions of the [[Alimentary | + | |
− | pancreas | + | Various regions of the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|Alimentary Tract]] secrete [[Endocrine System - Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] which have various functions within the Gastrointestinal tract, liver, gall bladder and pancreas. |
Many of the hormones act in a ''paracrine'' fashion, exerting their effect on cells close to the secretion site without travelling in the bloodstream. | Many of the hormones act in a ''paracrine'' fashion, exerting their effect on cells close to the secretion site without travelling in the bloodstream. | ||
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|<font color=Purple>Cholecystokinin</font> | |<font color=Purple>Cholecystokinin</font> | ||
− | + | |Duodenum | |
− | |Stimulates digestion of fat and protein by causing release of digestive enzymes and bile from the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]] and | + | |Stimulates digestion of fat and protein by causing release of digestive enzymes and bile from the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]] and gall bladder. |
|- | |- | ||
|<font color=Purple>Gastrin</font> | |<font color=Purple>Gastrin</font> | ||
− | |G-Cells in | + | |G-Cells in Stomach and duodenum |
− | |Stimulates Parietal cells in the [[ | + | |Stimulates Parietal cells in the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]] to secrete HCl and Chief cells to secrete pepsinogen. |
|- | |- | ||
|<font color=Purple>Gastric Inhibitory Peptide</font> | |<font color=Purple>Gastric Inhibitory Peptide</font> | ||
− | + | |Duodenum and Jejunum | |
− | |Inhibits gastric motility and HCl secretion in the [[ | + | |Inhibits gastric motility and HCl secretion in the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]], induces insulin secretion. |
|- | |- | ||
|<font color=Purple>Ghrelin</font> | |<font color=Purple>Ghrelin</font> | ||
− | |[[ | + | |[[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|Stomach]] and [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|Pancreas]] |
− | |Increases food intake (by stimulating hunger) at the level of the [[Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|hypothalamus]]. | + | |Increases food intake (by stimulating hunger) at the level of the [[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|hypothalamus]]. |
|- | |- | ||
|<font color=Purple>Secretin</font> | |<font color=Purple>Secretin</font> | ||
− | |Crypts of Leiberkuhn in the | + | |Crypts of Leiberkuhn in the Duodenum |
− | |Causes secretion of bicarbonate to buffer the pH of the chyme entering the | + | |Causes secretion of bicarbonate to buffer the pH of the chyme entering the small intestine. Also triggers insulin release. |
|- | |- | ||
|<font color=Purple>Somatostatin </font> | |<font color=Purple>Somatostatin </font> | ||
− | |Gastric glands of the | + | |Gastric glands of the stomach |
− | |Inhibits release of gastrin and HCl from the [[ | + | |Inhibits release of gastrin and HCl from the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]], inhibits secretin and cholecystokinin release from the duodenum and inhibits release of glucagon from the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]]. |
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Revision as of 09:07, 3 July 2008
Various regions of the Alimentary Tract secrete hormones which have various functions within the Gastrointestinal tract, liver, gall bladder and pancreas.
Many of the hormones act in a paracrine fashion, exerting their effect on cells close to the secretion site without travelling in the bloodstream.
Hormone | Site of Secretion within GIT | Action |
---|---|---|
Cholecystokinin | Duodenum | Stimulates digestion of fat and protein by causing release of digestive enzymes and bile from the pancreas and gall bladder. |
Gastrin | G-Cells in Stomach and duodenum | Stimulates Parietal cells in the stomach to secrete HCl and Chief cells to secrete pepsinogen. |
Gastric Inhibitory Peptide | Duodenum and Jejunum | Inhibits gastric motility and HCl secretion in the stomach, induces insulin secretion. |
Ghrelin | Stomach and Pancreas | Increases food intake (by stimulating hunger) at the level of the hypothalamus. |
Secretin | Crypts of Leiberkuhn in the Duodenum | Causes secretion of bicarbonate to buffer the pH of the chyme entering the small intestine. Also triggers insulin release. |
Somatostatin | Gastric glands of the stomach | Inhibits release of gastrin and HCl from the stomach, inhibits secretin and cholecystokinin release from the duodenum and inhibits release of glucagon from the pancreas. |