Difference between revisions of "Category:Rhabdoviridae"

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|pagetitle =Rhabdoviridae
=Introduction=
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[[Rabies]] is a neurological killer that has evolved a fool-proof technique of transmission, and it cleverly evades the species barrier to present a potent threat to mammalian life.  While the simplicity of the virus ensures its transmission, it also contributes to its weakness: its monoclonal antigenicity means that a single vaccination covers all strains of the disease.  Though rabies is considered endemic in parts of the developed and undeveloped world, vaccination schemes have rendered the disease controllable to a satisfactory degree.  Nonetheless, infection is still largely fatal and the disease should not be taken lightly.
 
[[Rabies]] is a neurological killer that has evolved a fool-proof technique of transmission, and it cleverly evades the species barrier to present a potent threat to mammalian life.  While the simplicity of the virus ensures its transmission, it also contributes to its weakness: its monoclonal antigenicity means that a single vaccination covers all strains of the disease.  Though rabies is considered endemic in parts of the developed and undeveloped world, vaccination schemes have rendered the disease controllable to a satisfactory degree.  Nonetheless, infection is still largely fatal and the disease should not be taken lightly.
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<categorytree mode=pages>Rhabdoviridae</categorytree>
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|logo =Vesicular stomatitis virus logo.png
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=Morphology=
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==Morphology==
 
*Large, enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus  
 
*Large, enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus  
 
*'''Bullet-shaped''' with short glycoprotein spikes
 
*'''Bullet-shaped''' with short glycoprotein spikes
  
=Types and Subtypes=
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==Types and Subtypes==
 
Two Genera:
 
Two Genera:
 
#Lyssaviruses: 7 genotypes
 
#Lyssaviruses: 7 genotypes
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##Genotype 4 infects '''insectivorous bats'''
 
##Genotype 4 infects '''insectivorous bats'''
 
#Vesiculoviruses are all '''exotic''' to the UK:
 
#Vesiculoviruses are all '''exotic''' to the UK:
##Vesicular Stomatitis Virus
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##[[Vesicular Stomatitis Virus]]
 
##Ephemeral Fever
 
##Ephemeral Fever
 
##Fish Rhabdoviruses, such as viral hemorrhagic syndrome and infectious haematopoetic necrosis virus
 
##Fish Rhabdoviruses, such as viral hemorrhagic syndrome and infectious haematopoetic necrosis virus
  
=Virulence and Pathogenesis=
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*Rabies is moderately resistant: it can survive well in dark places at low temperatures for several days
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{{Learning |Vetstream = <P>[https://www.vetstream.com/felis/Content/Bug/bug00214.asp Rabies]</P><P>[https://www.vetstream.com/equis/Content/Disease/dis01018.asp Vesicular Stomatitis Virus]</P>}}
*Infection occurs through a '''penetrating bite''' in which virus is transmitted via '''saliva'''
 
*'''Incubation''' period is variable but can be long (10 days to 12 months), and increases with distance of the bite to the CNS
 
**80% show signs within 4 months
 
*Primary replication of the virus occurs in the '''muscle'''
 
*The virus gains access to nervous tissue and travels toward the '''brain''', where it continues to replicate
 
*It then migrates down cranial nerves to infect salivary glands and the cornea
 
*Virus is shed in '''saliva''' and '''tears''' and can be shed BEFORE the onset of classical signs
 
*The onset of clinical signs in dogs and cats includes:
 
**Behavioral changes
 
**Pyrexia
 
**Salivation
 
**Dilation of pupils
 
*Two forms of the virus exist:
 
**'''Furious''' form:
 
***Common to cats and dogs
 
***Abnormal aggression, salivation, and attack without provocation
 
***Disordered wandering, "copulatory" movements.
 
***Incoordination, convulsions, coma and death within 3-10 days
 
**'''Dumb''' form
 
***May or may not follow Furious form
 
***Common to ruminants and horses
 
***Ruminal tympany, tenesmus, diarrhoea
 
***Paralysis of lower jaw, drooling saliva, tremors and progressive paralysis
 
***In dogs, a change in voice may be observed (bellowing)
 
*Human infection is characterized by '''hydrophobia'''
 
  
  
[[Category:Viruses]]
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[[Category:Viral Organisms]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]

Latest revision as of 00:12, 16 June 2016

Rhabdoviridae

Rabies is a neurological killer that has evolved a fool-proof technique of transmission, and it cleverly evades the species barrier to present a potent threat to mammalian life. While the simplicity of the virus ensures its transmission, it also contributes to its weakness: its monoclonal antigenicity means that a single vaccination covers all strains of the disease. Though rabies is considered endemic in parts of the developed and undeveloped world, vaccination schemes have rendered the disease controllable to a satisfactory degree. Nonetheless, infection is still largely fatal and the disease should not be taken lightly.


Morphology

  • Large, enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus
  • Bullet-shaped with short glycoprotein spikes

Types and Subtypes

Two Genera:

  1. Lyssaviruses: 7 genotypes
    1. Genotype 1 is classical rabies
    2. Genotypes 2-7 more limited in distribution
    3. Genotype 4 infects insectivorous bats
  2. Vesiculoviruses are all exotic to the UK:
    1. Vesicular Stomatitis Virus
    2. Ephemeral Fever
    3. Fish Rhabdoviruses, such as viral hemorrhagic syndrome and infectious haematopoetic necrosis virus



Rhabdoviridae Learning Resources
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Pages in category "Rhabdoviridae"

The following 4 pages are in this category, out of 4 total.