Difference between revisions of "Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology"

Revision as of 14:01, 17 July 2008

BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Introduction

The pharynx is the chamber connecting the oral cavity, nasal cavity, oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx is divided into the nasal pharynx, oral pharynx and oesophageal/laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently.

The oropharynx is the oral section of the pharynx.

Structure and Function

Last molar rostrally

Epiglottis caudally

Tongue ventrally

Soft palate dorsally

Endoderm

Innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Divided by glossopalatine arch from oesophageal pharynx

Musculature

Constrictors

Hyopharyngeus

Thyropharyngeus

Cricopharyngeus

Dilators

Stylopharyngeus

Shorten

Pterygopharyngeus

Close Pharyngeal Arch

Palatopharyngeus

Innervation

Muscles from pharyngeal arch 4 innervated by vagus nerve (CN X)

Stylopharyngeus from pharyngeal arch 3 innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Histology

Stratified squamous epithelium

Keratinised in ruminants

Lamina propria contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx

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-{{OpenPagesTop}}
+<big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
 ==Introduction==
-The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]] which all have different functions, innervation and develop differently. The oropharynx is the oral section of the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]].
+The pharynx is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], nasal cavity, oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx is divided into the nasal pharynx, oral pharynx and oesophageal/laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently.
-[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
+The oropharynx is the oral section of the pharynx.
 ==Structure and Function==
-The last molar borders rostrally and the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Epiglottis|epiglottis]] caudally. The [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] borders ventrally and the [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] dorsally. It is derived from endoderm.
+*Last molar rostrally
-The oropharynx is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]). It is divided by the '''glossopalatine arch''' from the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]].
+*Epiglottis caudally
-==Histology==
+*[[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|Tongue]] ventrally
+*[[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|Soft palate]] dorsally
+*Endoderm
+*Innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])
+*Divided by glossopalatine arch from oesophageal pharynx
-The oropharynx has a '''stratified squamous epithelium'''. It is keratinised in ruminants. The '''lamina propria''' contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx.
 ==Musculature==
@@ Line 19: / Line 28: @@
 '''Constrictors'''
-The constrictor muscles include the '''hyopharyngeus''', '''thyropharyngeus''' and '''cricopharyngeus'''.
+*Hyopharyngeus
+*Thyropharyngeus
+*Cricopharyngeus
 '''Dilators'''
-The dilator muscle is the '''stylopharyngeus'''.
+*Stylopharyngeus
+'''Shorten'''
+*Pterygopharyngeus
+'''Close Pharyngeal Arch'''
+*Palatopharyngeus
-The '''pterygopharyngeus''' muscle shortens the oropharynx and the '''palatopharyngeus''' muscle closes the pharyngeal arch.
 ==Innervation==
-Muscles from the pharyngeal arch are innervated by the '''vagus nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]). The stylopharyngeus from the pharyngeal arch is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]).
+*Muscles from pharyngeal arch 4 innervated by vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]])
+*Stylopharyngeus from pharyngeal arch 3 innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])
+==Histology==
+*Stratified squamous epithelium
-{{Template:Learning
+*Keratinised in ruminants
-|quiz = [[Oropharyngeal anatomy]]
-|flashcards = [[Oropharynx Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards]]
-|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Illustration/ill50412.asp Oropharynx Stick injury]
-}}
-{{OpenPages}}
+*Lamina propria contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx
-[[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]]