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Leukopoiesis (view source)

Revision as of 16:04, 11 April 2022

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==Granulopoiesis==
 
==Granulopoiesis==
 
All granulocytes develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] cells.
 
All granulocytes develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] cells.
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===Summary of pathways===
 
===Summary of pathways===
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<div style="text-align: center;">
   
{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" align="left"
 
{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" align="left"
 
|
 
|
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!Basophil
 
!Basophil
 
!Eosinophil
 
!Eosinophil
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|rowspan="10"|<p>[[Image:LH_Developing_granulocytes_Histology.jpg|200px|Developing granulocytes]]</p><sup>©RVC 2008</sup>
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| rowspan="10" |<p>[[Image:LH_Developing_granulocytes_Histology.jpg|200px|Developing granulocytes]]</p><sup>©RVC 2008</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
 
!Stem cell
 
!Stem cell
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|colspan="4"|CFU-GEMM
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| colspan="4" |CFU-GEMM
 
|-
 
|-
 
!CFU
 
!CFU
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|CFU-Eo
 
|CFU-Eo
 
|-
 
|-
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!Factors
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!Cytokines
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|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p><p>M-CSF</p>
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|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p><p>M-CSF</p>
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|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p><p>G-CSF</p>
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|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p><p>G-CSF</p>
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|valign="top"|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p>
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| valign="top" |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p>
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|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p><p>Il-5</p>
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|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p><p>IL-5</p>
 
|-
 
|-
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!Rowspan="6"|Stages
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! rowspan="6" |Stages
 
|Monoblast
 
|Monoblast
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|colspan="3"|Myelocyte
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| colspan="3" |Myelocyte
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Promonocyte
 
|Promonocyte
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|colspan="3"|Promyelocyte
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| colspan="3" |Promyelocyte
 
|-
 
|-
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|rowspan="4"|Monocyte
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| rowspan="4" |Monocyte
 
|Neutrophilic Myelocyte
 
|Neutrophilic Myelocyte
 
|Basophilic Myelocyte
 
|Basophilic Myelocyte
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|-
 
|-
 
|Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte
 
|Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte
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|rowspan="2"|Basophilic Metamyelocyte
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| rowspan="2" |Basophilic Metamyelocyte
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|rowspan="2"|Eosinophilic Metamyelocyte
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| rowspan="2" |Eosinophilic Metamyelocyte
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Band Cell
 
|Band Cell
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|Eosinophil
 
|Eosinophil
 
|}
 
|}
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</div>
   
<Br clear="left">
 
<Br clear="left">
    
==Neutrophils==
 
==Neutrophils==
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Under the stimulation of GM-CSF, G-CSF and Il-3 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GM]], the common precursor for both neutrophils and monocytes. This then further differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-G]].
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Under the stimulation of [[Cytokines|cytokines]] GM-CSF, G-CSF and IL-3 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GM]], the common precursor for both neutrophils and monocytes. This then further differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-G]].
 
===Stages:===
 
===Stages:===
 
====Myeloblast====
 
====Myeloblast====
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==Basophils==
 
==Basophils==
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Under the stimulation of GM-CSF and Il-3, the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Ba]].
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Under the stimulation of GM-CSF and IL-3, the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Ba]].
 
===Stages:===
 
===Stages:===
 
====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte====
 
====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte====
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==Eosinophils==
 
==Eosinophils==
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Under the stimulation of GM-CSF, Il-3 and Il-5 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Eo]].
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Under the stimulation of GM-CSF, IL-3 and IL-5 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Eo]].
 
===Stages:===
 
===Stages:===
 
====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte====
 
====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte====
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===Dendritic cells===
 
===Dendritic cells===
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These develop from the monoblast under the stimualtion of GM-CSF and IL-4 into an immature dendritic cell. This then develops into the mature dendritic cell under stimulation of TNF-α.
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These develop from the monoblast under the stimualtion of GM-CSF and IL-4 into an immature dendritic cell. This then develops into the mature [[T_cell_differentiation#Dendritic_Cells|dendritic cell]] under stimulation of TNF-α.
 
<br>
 
<br>
    
==Lymphopoiesis==
 
==Lymphopoiesis==
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<p>[[Lymphocytes - Introduction|Lymphocytes]] develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-L]]'s. Those destined to become [[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cells]] leave the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]] and migrate to the [[Thymus - Anatomy & Physiology|thymus]], and those destined to be [[Lymphocytes#B cells|B cells]] migrate to the [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]] and GALT or proliferate directly from the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]].</p><p>Follow these links for a more detailed explanation on [[T cell differentiation|T cell development]] and [[B cell differentiation |B cell development]].</p>
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[[Lymphocytes - Introduction|Lymphocytes]] develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-L]]'s. Those destined to become [[T cells]] leave the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]] and migrate to the [[Thymus - Anatomy & Physiology|thymus]], and those destined to be [[B cells]] migrate to the [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]] and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) or proliferate directly from the bone marrow.
 
{|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" border="1"  
 
{|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" border="1"  
 
|
 
|
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|colspan="4"|CFU-L
 
|colspan="4"|CFU-L
 
|-align="center"
 
|-align="center"
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|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼Il-7 & Il-11</sup>
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|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼IL-7 & IL-11</sup>
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|colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-7 & SCF</sup>
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|colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-7 & SCF</sup>
 
|-align="center"
 
|-align="center"
 
|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|B lymphoid cell progenitor
 
|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|B lymphoid cell progenitor
 
|colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|T lymphoid cell progenitor
 
|colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|T lymphoid cell progenitor
 
|-align="center"
 
|-align="center"
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|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼Il-3 & Il-7</sup>
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|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼IL-3 & IL-7</sup>
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|style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-7</sup>
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|style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-7</sup>
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|style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-2, IL-12 & Il-18</sup>
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|style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-2, IL-12 & IL-18</sup>
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|style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-3, Il-6, GM-CSF & SCF</sup>
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|style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF & SCF</sup>
 
|-align="center"
 
|-align="center"
 
|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|Pre-B cell
 
|style="background-color:#ffffcc"|Pre-B cell
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|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Note:'''
 
<p>'''Note:'''
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*That between the 'pre-[type] cell' stage and the final mature all the lymphocytes are referred to as 'immature [type] cells'.  
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*Between the 'pre-[type] cell' stage and the final mature all the lymphocytes are referred to as 'immature [type] cells'.  
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* T cell differentiation into it's different forms (helper, cytotoxic and T cell with regulator functions) is under stimulation by Il-10 & TNF-γ</p>
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* T cell differentiation into helper, cytotoxic and T cells with regulator functions is induced by IL-10 & TNF-γ
 
[[Category:Haematopoiesis]]
 
[[Category:Haematopoiesis]]
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