Changes

 

Also known as: '''''Choke

Also known as: '''''Choke

'''Cattle:'''

'''Cattle:'''

In cattle, rumenal bloat caused by the obstruction is an emergency and requires immediate treatment. This is achieved by trocharisation through the left paralumbar fossa. Once the bloat has been relieved, the obstruction may be manually broken down via percutaneous massage, or may resolve spontaneously due to the large volume of saliva present. As in the horse, a sedative such as xylazine may be administered combined to provide both sedation and muscle relaxation. Broad spectrum antibiotics should be administered if there is any suspicion of aspiration pneumonia.

In cattle, rumenal bloat caused by the obstruction is an emergency and requires immediate treatment. This is achieved by trocharisation through the left paralumbar fossa. Once the bloat has been relieved, the obstruction may be manually broken down via percutaneous massage, or may resolve spontaneously due to the large volume of saliva present. As in the horse, a sedative such as xylazine may be administered combined to provide both sedation and muscle relaxation. Broad spectrum antibiotics should be administered if there is any suspicion of aspiration pneumonia.

In cattle stomach tube should be used to push out the obstructive material down to the rumen. For this keep the animal head in 45* angle and place the stomach tube in oral cavity and slowly move further down with left side orientation to the cattle. Care should be taken not to place inside the trachea.(If the tube enter the trachea accidently, the operator can notice the wind blowing sound, condensation of the tube if it is transparent one and the cow also will show dyspnea. Immediately the tube should be withdrawn and attempt in right way. The tube in esophagus when touch the foreign body can feel the resistance. An attendant standing on the left side of the cow can feel the tube end and the foreign body. Once reached at the particular level, gently push the tube further down to move the foreign body. If the foreign body moved down to rumen, the operator can see the bloat is getting down in few minutes and the animal feels more comfort at that moment.(The tube should be lubricated with any available non toxic lubricants before insertion)

 

In cattle, stomach tube can be used to push the obstructive material down to the rumen. For this procedure, keep the animal head at a 45* angle and place the lubricated stomach tube in the oral cavity and slowly move further down the left side of the neck. Care should be taken not to place the tube inside the trachea. (If the tube enters the trachea accidentally, the operator can notice the wind blowing sound, condensation of the tube if it is transparent and the cow will also show dyspnea. The tube should be withdrawn immediately and correct placement into the oesophagus attempted.) When the tube in the oeasophagus touches the foreign body, resistance can be felt. An attendant standing on the left side of the cow can feel the tube end and the foreign body. Once reached at the particular level, gently push the tube further down to move the foreign body. If the foreign body moves down to the rumen, the operator can see the bloat reducing within few minutes and the animal feels more comfortable. (The tube should be lubricated with any available non toxic lubricants before insertion.)

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

{{Learning

{{Learning

|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28title%3A%28Oesophagus%29+OR+title%3A%28esophagus%29%29+AND+title%3A%28impaction%29%29+OR+title%3A%28choke%29 Oesophageal obstruction publications]

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{{review}}

{{review}}

[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]][[Category:Oesophageal Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Expert_Review - Horse]][[Category:Expert Review - Farm Animal]]

[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]][[Category:Oesophageal Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Expert_Review - Horse]][[Category:Expert Review - Farm Animal]]

[[Category:Oesophageal Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Oesophageal Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Impaction - Horse]]

[[Category:Impaction - Horse]]