Difference between revisions of "Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology"

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<big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
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==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
  
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The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]] which all have different functions, innervation and develop differently. The oropharynx is the oral section of the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]].
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The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], [[Nasal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the [[Nasopharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|nasopharynx]], oropharynx and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]] which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently.
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[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
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The oropharynx is the oral section of the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]].
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[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
  
 
==Structure and Function==
 
==Structure and Function==
  
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The last molar borders rostrally and the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Epiglottis|epiglottis]] caudally. The [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] borders ventrally and the [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] dorsally. It is derived from endoderm.
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*Last molar rostrally
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*[[Epiglottis]] caudally
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*[[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|Tongue]] ventrally
  
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The oropharynx is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]). It is divided by the '''glossopalatine arch''' from the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]].
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*[[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|Soft palate]] dorsally
  
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==Histology==
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*Endoderm
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*Innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])
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*Divided by glossopalatine arch from [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]]
  
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The oropharynx has a '''stratified squamous epithelium'''. It is keratinised in ruminants. The '''lamina propria''' contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx.
 
  
 
==Musculature==
 
==Musculature==
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'''Constrictors'''
 
'''Constrictors'''
  
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The constrictor muscles include the '''hyopharyngeus''', '''thyropharyngeus''' and '''cricopharyngeus'''.
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*Hyopharyngeus
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*Thyropharyngeus
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*Cricopharyngeus
  
 
'''Dilators'''
 
'''Dilators'''
  
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The dilator muscle is the '''stylopharyngeus'''.
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*Stylopharyngeus
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'''Shorten'''
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*Pterygopharyngeus
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'''Close Pharyngeal Arch'''
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*Palatopharyngeus
  
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The '''pterygopharyngeus''' muscle shortens the oropharynx and the '''palatopharyngeus''' muscle closes the pharyngeal arch.
 
  
 
==Innervation==
 
==Innervation==
  
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Muscles from the pharyngeal arch are innervated by the '''vagus nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]). The stylopharyngeus from the pharyngeal arch is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]).
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*Muscles from pharyngeal arch 4 innervated by vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]])  
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*Stylopharyngeus from pharyngeal arch 3 innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])  
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==Histology==
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*Stratified squamous epithelium
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*Keratinised in ruminants
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*Lamina propria contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx
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==Links==
  
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{{Template:Learning
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[[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Oropharynx Flashcards|Oropharynx Flashcards]]
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|quiz = [[Oropharyngeal anatomy]]
 
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|flashcards = [[Oropharynx Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards]]
 
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|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Illustration/ill50412.asp Oropharynx Stick injury]
 
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}}
 
  
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<big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
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[[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 

Revision as of 12:27, 31 July 2008

BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Introduction

The pharynx is the chamber connecting the oral cavity, nasal cavity, oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently.

The oropharynx is the oral section of the pharynx.

Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota

Structure and Function

  • Last molar rostrally
  • Endoderm
  • Innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)


Musculature

Constrictors

  • Hyopharyngeus
  • Thyropharyngeus
  • Cricopharyngeus

Dilators

  • Stylopharyngeus

Shorten

  • Pterygopharyngeus

Close Pharyngeal Arch

  • Palatopharyngeus


Innervation

  • Muscles from pharyngeal arch 4 innervated by vagus nerve (CN X)
  • Stylopharyngeus from pharyngeal arch 3 innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)


Histology

  • Stratified squamous epithelium
  • Keratinised in ruminants
  • Lamina propria contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx

Links

Oropharynx Flashcards

BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
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