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| − | ==Changes to normal structure==
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| − | ===Damage to Periosteum===
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| − | *Invokes a hyperplastic reaction of the inner layer
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| − | *Is painful
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| − | *Exostoses can remodel or remain
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| − | Lifting of periosteum causes new bone formation below
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| − | Circumferential incision (e.g. during [[Bones Fractures - Pathology|fracture]])
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| − | *Longitudinal bone growth results
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| − | *May be only on one side where periosteum is damaged
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| − | **Used by surgeons to treat [[Angular Limb Deformity|angular limb deformities]]
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| − | ===Physis (Growth plate)===
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| − | *Site of many '''congenital''' or '''nutritional''' bone diseases in the growing animal
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| − | *'''Open''' in neonates and growing animals
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| − | **Chondrocyte proliferation balances cell maturation and death
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| − | *'''Closes and ossifies''' at maturity
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| − | **Regulated by androgens
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| − | *If growth teporarily stops -> layer of bone seals the growth plate -> moves into metaphysis when growth resumes -> forms '''Harris lines'''
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| − | ==Test yourself with the Bone and Cartilage Pathology Flashcards==
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| − | [[Bones_and_Cartilage_Flashcards_-_Pathology|Bones and Cartilage Flashcards]]
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| − | [[Category:Bones - Pathology|A]] | |