Difference between revisions of "Bovine Parainfluenza - 3"
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(New page: {{unfinished}} {{toplink |linkpage =Viruses |linktext =VIRUSES |sublink1=Paramyxoviridae |subtext1=PARAMYXOVIRIDAE |pagetype =Bugs }} <br> ====Pathogenesis==== *Virulence varies with is...) |
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− | + | ====Pathogenesis==== | |
− | + | *Virulence varies with isolates | |
− | + | *Cessation of [[Respiratory System General Introduction - Pathology#Mucociliary escalator|ciliary clearance]] and epithelial necrosis predisposes to secondary bacterial infections -> cough | |
− | + | *May cause [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Parainfluenza- 3|rhinitis]] of cattle | |
− | + | *With other agents causes [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|calf pneumonia ]] | |
− | + | **Together with managemental factors (overcrowding, poor ventilation, high humidity, deprivation of colostrum and stress caused by transport or mixing of stock) | |
− | + | ====Diagnosis==== | |
− | + | *Diseased lung tissue from dead animals or centrifuged cells from lung lavage | |
− | + | *Virus is too fragile for cell culture isolation (often inactivated in transport) | |
− | + | *Antigen detection by ''' immunocytochemistry''' for intracytoplasmic viral inclusions containing labelled viral protein | |
− | + | *Serology: 4-fold rise in ELISA antibody in paired serum samples from several animals | |
− | + | ====Control==== | |
− | == Diagnosis | + | *Improve managemental factors |
− | + | *All-in, all-out systems | |
− | + | *Some vaccination | |
− | + | **Temperature sensitive mutant that replicates at 34<sup>o</sup>C but not at 37<sup>o</sup>C | |
− | + | **Re-infection is common | |
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Revision as of 18:45, 13 October 2008
This article is still under construction. |
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Pathogenesis
- Virulence varies with isolates
- Cessation of ciliary clearance and epithelial necrosis predisposes to secondary bacterial infections -> cough
- May cause rhinitis of cattle
- With other agents causes calf pneumonia
- Together with managemental factors (overcrowding, poor ventilation, high humidity, deprivation of colostrum and stress caused by transport or mixing of stock)
Diagnosis
- Diseased lung tissue from dead animals or centrifuged cells from lung lavage
- Virus is too fragile for cell culture isolation (often inactivated in transport)
- Antigen detection by immunocytochemistry for intracytoplasmic viral inclusions containing labelled viral protein
- Serology: 4-fold rise in ELISA antibody in paired serum samples from several animals
Control
- Improve managemental factors
- All-in, all-out systems
- Some vaccination
- Temperature sensitive mutant that replicates at 34oC but not at 37oC
- Re-infection is common