Difference between revisions of "Systemic Mycoses - Flashcards"

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−
==<font color="black">Adiaspiromycosis</font>==
+
{{toplink
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<FlashCard questions="2">
+
|backcolour = f5fffa
−
|q1=What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection?
+
|linkpage =Systemic Mycoses
−
|a1=
+
|linktext =SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
−
*Non-contageous
+
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBugs
−
*Pulmonary mycosis
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|subtext1 =WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS
−
*Respiratory infection
+
|pagetype =Bugs
−
|l1=Adiaspiromycosis
+
}}
−
|q2=Which animals are mostly affected?
+
==<font color="purple">Adiaspiromycosis</font>==
−
|a2=
+
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
−
*Rodents
+
!width="400"|'''Question'''
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*Small animals
+
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
−
|l2=Adiaspiromycosis
+
!width="150"|'''Article'''
−
</FlashCard>
+
|-
 +
|<big>'''What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Non-contageous'''''
 +
*'''''Pulmonary mycosis'''''
 +
*'''''Respiratory infection'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Adiaspiromycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Which animals are mostly affected?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Rodents'''''
 +
*'''''Small animals'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Adiaspiromycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
 
+
==<font color="purple">Aspergillosis</font>==
−
==<font color="black">Aspergillosis</font>==
+
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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<FlashCard questions="6">
+
!width="400"|'''Question'''
−
|q1=<small>Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections:
+
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
−
<br />Aspergiollosis is found _____. It is widely present in _____ and can colonise a _____ range of substrates under _____ environmental conditions. It is abundant in ______ and ______ which have ______ during storage.
+
!width="150"|'''Article'''
−
|a1=Aspergiollosis is found worldwide. It is widely present in nature and can colonise a wide range of substrates under different> environmental conditions. It is abundant in hay, straw and grain which have heated during storage.
+
|-
−
|l1=Aspergillosis
+
|<big>'''Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections'''
−
|q2=What are the clinical signs of infection in birds?
+
||<big>Aspergiollosis is found <font color="white">'''''worldwide'''''</font>. It is widely present in <font color="white">'''''nature'''''</font> and can colonise a <font color="white">'''''wide'''''</font> range of substrates under <font color="white">'''''different'''''</font> environmental conditions. It is abundant in <font color="white">'''''hay, straw'''''</font> and <font color="white">'''''grain'''''</font> which have <font color="white">'''''heated'''''</font> during storage.
−
|a2=
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||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Diarrhoea
+
|-
−
*Listlessness
+
|<big>'''What are the clinical signs of infection in birds?'''
−
*Pyrexia
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
*Loss of appetite
+
*'''''Diarrhoea'''''
−
*Loss of condition
+
*'''''Listlessness'''''
−
*Convulsions
+
*'''''Pyrexia'''''
−
*Death
+
*'''''Loss of appetite'''''
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|l2=Aspergillosis
+
*'''''Loss of condition'''''
−
|q3=What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle?
+
*'''''Convulsions'''''
−
|a3=
+
*'''''Death'''''
−
*Up to 2mm in diameter
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Lesions contain asteroid bodies with a germinated spore in the centre
+
|-
−
*Miliary lesions in acute infections
+
|<big>'''What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle?'''
−
*Granulomatous and calcified lesions in chronic infections
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l3=Aspergillosis
+
*'''''Up to 2mm in diameter'''''
−
|q4=What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses?
+
*'''''Lesions contain asteroid bodies with a germinated spore in the centre'''''
−
|a4=
+
*'''''Miliary lesions in acute infections'''''
−
*Gutteral pouch mycosis
+
*'''''Granulomatous and calcified lesions in chronic infections'''''
−
*Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD)
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Mycotic abortion
+
|-
−
|l4=Aspergillosis
+
|<big>'''What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses?'''
−
|q5=What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|a5=
+
*'''''Gutteral pouch mycosis'''''
−
*White colonies initially
+
*'''''Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD)'''''
−
*Colonies turn green and then dark green
+
*'''''Mycotic abortion'''''
−
*Flat and velvety
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Colony colour varies with species
+
|-
−
|l5=Aspergillosis
+
|<big>'''What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?'''
−
|q6=How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis?
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|a6=
+
*'''''White colonies initially'''''
−
*Surgery
+
*'''''Colonies turn green and then dark green'''''
−
*Antifungal drugs
+
*'''''Flat and velvety'''''
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*Ketoconazole
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*'''''Colony colour varies with species'''''
−
*Nystatin
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Amphotericin B
+
|-
−
*5-fluorocytosine
+
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis?'''
−
*Thiabendazole
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l6=Aspergillosis
+
*'''''Surgery'''''
−
</FlashCard>
+
*'''''Antifungal drugs'''''
 +
**'''''Ketoconazole'''''
 +
**'''''Nystatin'''''
 +
**'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 +
**'''''5-fluorocytosine'''''
 +
**'''''Thiabendazole'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Aspergillosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
 
+
==<font color="purple">Blastomycosis</font>==
−
==<font color="black">Blastomycosis</font>==
+
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
−
<FlashCard questions="5">
+
!width="400"|'''Question'''
−
|q1=Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection?
+
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
−
|a1=
+
!width="150"|'''Article'''
−
*Respiratory infection
+
|-
−
*Lesions start in the lungs
+
|<big>'''Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection?'''
−
*Haematogenous dissemination
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
*Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia
+
*'''''Respiratory infection'''''
−
*Fatal if not treated
+
*'''''Lesions start in the lungs'''''
−
*Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules
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*'''''Haematogenous dissemination'''''
−
|l1=Blastomycosis
+
*'''''Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia'''''
−
|q2=What do colonies look like on Blood agar?
+
*'''''Fatal if not treated'''''
−
|a2=
+
*'''''Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules'''''
−
*Cream coloured
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Waxy
+
|-
−
*Crinkled
+
|<big>'''What do colonies look like on Blood agar?'''
−
|l2=Blastomycosis
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|q3=What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
+
*'''''Cream coloured'''''
−
|a3=
+
*'''''Waxy'''''
−
*Grey coloured
+
*'''''Crinkled'''''
−
*Moist
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black
+
|-
−
|l3=Blastomycosis
+
|<big>'''What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?'''
−
|q4=How would you diagnose an infection?
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|a4=
+
*'''''Grey coloured'''''
−
*Clinical signs
+
*'''''Moist'''''
−
*Complement fixation test
+
*'''''White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black'''''
−
*ELISA
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Counterimmunoelectrophoresis
+
|-
−
|l4=Blastomycosis
+
|<big>'''How would you diagnose an infection?'''
−
|q5=How would you treat an infection?
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|a5=
+
*'''''Clinical signs'''''
−
*Amphotericin B
+
*'''''Complement fixation test'''''
−
*Imidazoles
+
*'''''ELISA'''''
−
|l5=Blastomycosis
+
*'''''Counterimmunoelectrophoresis'''''
−
</FlashCard>
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 +
*'''''Imidazoles'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Blastomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
 
+
==<font color="purple">Coccidioidomycosis</font>==
−
==<font color="black">Coccidioidomycosis</font>==
+
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
−
<FlashCard questions="3">
+
!width="400"|'''Question'''
−
|q1=What environmental conditions does ''Coccidioides immitis'' prefer?
+
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
−
|a1=
+
!width="150"|'''Article'''
−
*Arid
+
|-
−
*Dusty
+
|<big>'''What environmental conditions does ''Coccidioides immitis'' prefer?'''
−
*E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l1=Coccidioidomycosis
+
*'''''Arid'''''
−
|q2=Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?
+
*'''''Dusty'''''
−
|a2=
+
*'''''E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA'''''
−
*Respiratory infection
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Coccidioidomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Causes localised nodules and granulomas
+
|-
−
*Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs
+
|<big>'''Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?'''
−
*Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l2=Coccidioidomycosis
+
*'''''Respiratory infection'''''
−
|q3=How would you diagnose an infection?
+
*'''''Causes localised nodules and granulomas'''''
−
|a3=
+
*'''''Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs'''''
−
*Clinical signs
+
*'''''Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones'''''
−
*Complement fixation test
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Coccidioidomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Latex agglutination
+
|-
−
*Immunodiffusion
+
|<big>'''How would you diagnose an infection?'''
−
*A positive skin test indicates exposure
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l3=Coccidioidomycosis
+
*'''''Clinical signs'''''
−
</FlashCard>
+
*'''''Complement fixation test'''''
 +
*'''''Latex agglutination'''''
 +
*'''''Immunodiffusion'''''
 +
*'''''A positive skin test indicates exposure'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Coccidioidomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
 
+
==<font color="purple">Entomophthoromycisus</font>==
−
==<font color="black">Entomophthoromycisus</font>==
+
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
−
<FlashCard questions="2">
+
!width="400"|'''Question'''
−
|q1=What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?
+
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
−
|a1=
+
!width="150"|'''Article'''
−
*Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue
+
|-
−
*Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes
+
|<big>'''What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?'''
−
|l1=Entomophthoromycisus
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|q2=How would you treat an infection?
+
*'''''Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue'''''
−
|a2=
+
*'''''Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes'''''
−
*Surgical excision
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Entomophthoromycisus|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Amphotericin B
+
|-
−
*Ketoconazole
+
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection?'''
−
|l2=Entomophthoromycisus
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
</FlashCard>
+
*'''''Surgical excision'''''
 +
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 +
*'''''Ketoconazole'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Entomophthoromycisus|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
 
+
==<font color="purple">Histoplasmosis</font>==
−
 
+
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
−
==<font color="black">Histoplasmosis</font>==
+
!width="400"|'''Question'''
−
<FlashCard questions="5">
+
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
−
|q1=True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores?
+
!width="150"|'''Article'''
−
|a1=
+
|-
−
*False
+
|<big>'''True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores'''
−
*Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l1=Histoplasmosis
+
*'''''False'''''
−
|q2=Which organs/bodily systems are affected?
+
*'''''Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory'''''
−
|a2=
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Reticuloendothelial
+
|-
−
*Pulmonary
+
|<big>'''Which organs/bodily systems are affected?'''
−
*Intestinal
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l2=Histoplasmosis
+
*'''''Reticuloendothelial'''''
−
|q3=Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?
+
*'''''Pulmonary'''''
−
|a3=
+
*'''''Intestinal'''''
−
*Macrophages
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
|l3=Histoplasmosis
+
|-
−
|q4=How would you diagnose an infection?
+
|<big>'''Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?'''
−
|a4=
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
*Clinical signs
+
*'''''Macrophages'''''
−
*Complement fixation test
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
*Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion
+
|-
−
*Immunodiffusion
+
|<big>'''How would you diagnose an infection?'''
−
*A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
|l4=Histoplasmosis
+
*'''''Clinical signs'''''
−
|q5=How would you treat an infection?
+
*'''''Complement fixation test'''''
−
|a5=
+
*'''''Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion'''''
−
*Amphotericin B
+
*'''''Immunodiffusion'''''
−
*If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given
+
*'''''A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)'''''
−
*In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
|l5=Histoplasmosis
+
|-
−
</FlashCard>
+
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection?'''
−
<br>
+
||<font color="white"> <big>
−
 
+
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
−
==<font color="black">Zygomycosis</font>==
+
*'''''If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given'''''
−
<FlashCard questions="6">
+
*'''''In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor'''''
−
|q1=Which fungi cause zygomycosis?
+
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
−
|a1=
+
|}
−
*Mucor
 
−
*Absidia
 
−
*Rhizopus
 
−
*Mortierella
 
−
|l1=Zygomycosis
 
−
|q2=Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?
 
−
|a2=
 
−
*Infection is through inhalation and ingestion
 
−
*Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected
 
−
*Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous
 
−
*Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers
 
−
*Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)
 
−
*Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate
 
−
|l2=Zygomycosis
 
−
|q3=Where do lesions occur in pigs?
 
−
|a3=
 
−
*Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes
 
−
*Stomach ulcers
 
−
*Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver
 
−
|l3=Zygomycosis
 
−
|q4=Where do lesions occur in cattle?
 
−
|a4=
 
−
*Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes
 
−
*Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum
 
−
*Can contaminate the placenta
 
−
|l4=Zygomycosis
 
−
|q5=True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants?
 
−
|a5=
 
−
*True
 
−
|l5=Zygomycosis
 
−
|q6=How would you treat an infection?
 
−
|a6=
 
−
*Amphotericin B
 
−
*Surgical excision
 
−
|l6=Zygomycosis
 
−
</FlashCard>
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
  
−
 
+
==<font color="purple">Zygomycosis</font>==
−
[[Category:Systemic Mycoses|Zz]][[Category:Fungi Flashcards]]
+
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
 +
!width="400"|'''Question'''
 +
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
 +
!width="150"|'''Article'''
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Which fungi cause zygomycosis?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Mucor'''''
 +
*'''''Absidia'''''
 +
*'''''Rhizopus'''''
 +
*'''''Mortierella'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Infection is through inhalation and ingestion'''''
 +
*'''''Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected'''''
 +
*'''''Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous'''''
 +
*'''''Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers'''''
 +
*'''''Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)'''''
 +
*'''''Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where do lesions occur in pigs?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes'''''
 +
*'''''Stomach ulcers'''''
 +
*'''''Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where do lesions occur in cattle?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes'''''
 +
*'''''Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum'''''
 +
*'''''Can contaminate the placenta'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''True'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 +
*'''''Surgical excision'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}

Revision as of 11:46, 17 May 2009

Infectious agents and parasitesWikiBugs Banner.png
SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS


Adiaspiromycosis

Question Answer Article
What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection?
  • Non-contageous
  • Pulmonary mycosis
  • Respiratory infection
 Link to Answer Article
Which animals are mostly affected?
  • Rodents
  • Small animals
 Link to Answer Article


Aspergillosis

Question Answer Article
Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections Aspergiollosis is found worldwide. It is widely present in nature and can colonise a wide range of substrates under different environmental conditions. It is abundant in hay, straw and grain which have heated during storage. Link to Answer Article
What are the clinical signs of infection in birds?
  • Diarrhoea
  • Listlessness
  • Pyrexia
  • Loss of appetite
  • Loss of condition
  • Convulsions
  • Death
 Link to Answer Article
What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle?
  • Up to 2mm in diameter
  • Lesions contain asteroid bodies with a germinated spore in the centre
  • Miliary lesions in acute infections
  • Granulomatous and calcified lesions in chronic infections
 Link to Answer Article
What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses?
  • Gutteral pouch mycosis
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD)
  • Mycotic abortion
 Link to Answer Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
  • White colonies initially
  • Colonies turn green and then dark green
  • Flat and velvety
  • Colony colour varies with species
 Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis?
  • Surgery
  • Antifungal drugs
    • Ketoconazole
    • Nystatin
    • Amphotericin B
    • 5-fluorocytosine
    • Thiabendazole
 Link to Answer Article


Blastomycosis

Question Answer Article
Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection?
  • Respiratory infection
  • Lesions start in the lungs
  • Haematogenous dissemination
  • Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia
  • Fatal if not treated
  • Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules
 Link to Answer Article
What do colonies look like on Blood agar?
  • Cream coloured
  • Waxy
  • Crinkled
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What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
  • Grey coloured
  • Moist
  • White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black
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How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • ELISA
  • Counterimmunoelectrophoresis
 Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Amphotericin B
  • Imidazoles
 Link to Answer Article


Coccidioidomycosis

Question Answer Article
What environmental conditions does Coccidioides immitis prefer?
  • Arid
  • Dusty
  • E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA
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Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?
  • Respiratory infection
  • Causes localised nodules and granulomas
  • Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs
  • Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones
 Link to Answer Article
How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • Latex agglutination
  • Immunodiffusion
  • A positive skin test indicates exposure
 Link to Answer Article


Entomophthoromycisus

Question Answer Article
What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?
  • Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue
  • Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes
 Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Surgical excision
  • Amphotericin B
  • Ketoconazole
 Link to Answer Article


Histoplasmosis

Question Answer Article
True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores
  • False
  • Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory
 Link to Answer Article
Which organs/bodily systems are affected?
  • Reticuloendothelial
  • Pulmonary
  • Intestinal
 Link to Answer Article
Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?
  • Macrophages
 Link to Answer Article
How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion
  • Immunodiffusion
  • A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)
 Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Amphotericin B
  • If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given
  • In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor
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Zygomycosis

Question Answer Article
Which fungi cause zygomycosis?
  • Mucor
  • Absidia
  • Rhizopus
  • Mortierella
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Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?
  • Infection is through inhalation and ingestion
  • Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected
  • Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous
  • Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers
  • Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)
  • Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate
 Link to Answer Article
Where do lesions occur in pigs?
  • Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes
  • Stomach ulcers
  • Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver
 Link to Answer Article
Where do lesions occur in cattle?
  • Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes
  • Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum
  • Can contaminate the placenta
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True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants
  • True
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How would you treat an infection
  • Amphotericin B
  • Surgical excision
 Link to Answer Article
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