Difference between revisions of "Gastric Motility Disorders"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(10 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
{{unfinished}}
 +
 +
{{dog}}
 +
{{cat}}
 +
 
==Signalment==
 
==Signalment==
 
Can affect both dogs and cats.
 
Can affect both dogs and cats.
Line 8: Line 13:
 
*[[Hypothyroidism|hypothyroidism]]
 
*[[Hypothyroidism|hypothyroidism]]
 
*[[Hepatic Encephalopathy|hepatic encephalopathy]]
 
*[[Hepatic Encephalopathy|hepatic encephalopathy]]
*[[Pancreatitis|pancreatitis]]
+
*[[Pancreatitis - WikiClinical|pancreatitis]]
*[[Gastric Ulceration - Dog|gastric ulceration]] and inflammation
+
*[[Gastric Ulceration - WikiClinical|gastric ulceration]] and inflammation
 
*anticholinergic drugs and narcotic analgesics used to treat vomiting and diarrhoea
 
*anticholinergic drugs and narcotic analgesics used to treat vomiting and diarrhoea
 
*idiopathic
 
*idiopathic
Line 28: Line 33:
  
 
===Special Diagnostic Techniques===
 
===Special Diagnostic Techniques===
A definitive diagnosis of gastric motility disorders requires special diagnostic techniques that are not often available. These include measurement of gastric electrical and contractile activity as well as radio-isotope studies.
+
A definitive diagnosis of gastric motility disorders requires special diagnostic techniques that are not often available. These include measurement of gastric eradio-isotope studies and
  
 
==Treatment==
 
==Treatment==
Line 45: Line 50:
 
==Prognosis==
 
==Prognosis==
 
Animals that respond well to medical management have a good prognosis. Those who respond poorly to medical treatment have a poor prognosis.
 
Animals that respond well to medical management have a good prognosis. Those who respond poorly to medical treatment have a poor prognosis.
 
 
==References==
 
==References==
  
Line 51: Line 55:
  
 
*Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier'' Page 427
 
*Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier'' Page 427
 
 
 
[[Category:Stomach_and_Abomasum_-_Pathology]][[Category:To_Do_-_Alimentary]][[Category:Gastric Diseases - Dog]]
 
[[Category:Gastric Diseases - Cat]][[Category:To Do - Medium]]
 

Revision as of 15:34, 24 August 2009



Category:WikiClinical CanineCow
Category:WikiClinical FelineCow

Signalment

Can affect both dogs and cats.

Description

Abnormal gastric motility has been cited as a contributing factor of conditions such as gastric dilatation-volvulus and gastric outflow obstruction that has resulted from pylorospasm. Many potential causes of gastric stasis have been proposed:

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of gastric motility disorders is usually made once other causes of vomiting have been ruled out. The normal gastric emptying time of a dog is 10-12 hours. Therefore, a dog that vomits an undigested meal more than twelve hours after feeding should be strongly suspected of having a gastric motility disorder if an outflow obstruction and inflammatory disease have been excluded.

Clinical Signs

  • chronic belching and vomiting
  • anorexia
  • weight loss
  • poor body condition

Radiography

  • Contrast radiography may support a diagnosis of a gastric motility disorder:
    • Half of the animal's daily caloric requirement should be fed as canned food mixed with 5% by weight of barium sulphate. Radiographs are taken every hour until the stomach is empty. This amount of food is normally emptied by the stomach in 5-8 hours. If food is still present after this time, a motility problem is suggested.
  • Fluoroscopy studies may be used to assess gastric motility.

Special Diagnostic Techniques

A definitive diagnosis of gastric motility disorders requires special diagnostic techniques that are not often available. These include measurement of gastric eradio-isotope studies and

Treatment

Underlying causes of vomiting should be addressed first. Drugs that promote gastric peristalsis/motility may be administered once a diagnosis of a gastric motility disorder has been reached. Several drugs have been proposed and may include:

  • Cisapride (30 minutes before each meal)
    • reduces tachygastria
    • increases tone and amplitude of gastric contractions
    • relaxes the pyloric canal
    • increases contraction in the proximal small intestine
  • Erythromycin
    • acts on smooth muscle motilin receptors to increase gastric contractility
  • Metoclopramide
    • increases gastric peristalsis

Prognosis

Animals that respond well to medical management have a good prognosis. Those who respond poorly to medical treatment have a poor prognosis.

References

  • Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Thomas, D. (2005) BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (1st Edition) BSAVA Page 109
  • Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition) Mosby Elsevier Page 427