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[[Streptococcus equi subsp. equi]]
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===[[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Strangles|Strangles]]===
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*Epidemiology
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**[[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Strangles|Strangles]] is a highly infectious disease of horses caused by ''Streptococcus equi'' subsp. ''equi''
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**[[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#In Horses|upper respiratory tract disease of horses]] with fever and abscessation of regional lymph nodes
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**Causes [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Strangles|rhinitis]], [[Nasopharynx Inflammatory - Pathology|pharyngitis]], lymphadenitis and [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Abscesses|myositis]]
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**Outbreaks in groups of young horses
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**Transmitted via purulent exudate discharging from upper respiratory tract or from lymph nodes
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**Chronic, carrier state can occur with bacteria im the guttural pouch
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**A mild, atypical form can occur
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**''S. equi'' shed for 4 weeks beyond clinical resolution
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*Clinical signs
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**Incubation period 3 to 6 days
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**Fever, depression, anorexia
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**Purulent nasal discharge
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**Swollen, painful regional lymph nodes, especially submandibular
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**Abscessation and rupture of lymph nodes
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**Guttural pouch empyema
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**100% morbidity; 5% mortality
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**Death can occur from pneumonia, breathing difficulties from swollen lymph nodes or [[Muscles Degenerative - Pathology#Ischaemia|purpura haemorrhagica]](an immune-mediated disease)
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**Bastard strangle may occasionally occur, with abscessaation in many organs of the body
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**''S. equi'' may be involved in [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Systemic bacterial infections|cutaneous lesions]]
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*Diagnosis
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**Clinical signs and history
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**Mucoid colonies with beta-haemolysis
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**Sugar fermentation allows differentiation of ''S. equi'' from ''S. zooepidemicus'' and ''S. equisimilis''
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**PCR to detect asymptomatic carriers
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*Treatment and control
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**Penicillin administration to in-contact animals
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**Isolation of affected animals
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**Quarantne in-coming animals
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**Avoid overcrowding and mixing different age groups
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**Disinfection of equipment
      
===''Streptococcus suis''===
 
===''Streptococcus suis''===
Author, Donkey, Bureaucrats, Administrators
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