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====[[Liver Nematodes]]====
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*
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====Cestodes====
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*tapeworms
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*have both intermediate and final hosts in their life cycle
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*main expression in the UK are the encysted forms that utilise the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] and other organs in intermediate hosts
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=====Taenia hydatigena=====
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*the most important species
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*final host
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**dog
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**alimentary tract
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*intermediate host
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**ruminant, horse, or pig
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*life cycle is completed when the carnivore eats the tissues of the intermediate host containing the cysts
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*the intermediate stage - Cysticercus tennuicollis
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**fluid filled cysts on the surface of the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] and in the [[Peritoneal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|peritoneal cavity]]
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NB: other Taenia species have muscle and brain as preferred sites in the intermediate hosts
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Some can infect humans - zoonoses
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====[[Liver Cestodes]]====
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=====Echinococcus granulosus=====
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*Hydatid Disease
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*final host
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**dog, fox, and other canids
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*intermediate host
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**sheep most commonly affected
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**ox and horses
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NB: can also affect man - zoonosis
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*'''hydatids''' - the cyst form
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**develops from the ova
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**occur in the lung and [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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**cysts are usually multiple
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**5-10cm in diameter
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**contain a clear fluid with numerous scolices or '''"hydatid sand"'''
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**the small calcified lesions that are sometimes present in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] of sheep may represent degenerate hydatid cysts
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**can be very prevalent in some geographical areas
      
====Trematodes====
 
====Trematodes====
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