Difference between revisions of "Equine Haematology"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Text replace - '|maplink = WikiNormals Content Map' to '')
(12 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{{OpenPagesTop}}
+
{{toplink
 +
|linkpage =WikiNormals
 +
|linktext =WikiNormals
 +
 
 +
|pagetype =WikiNormals
 +
|sublink1= Equine Section - WikiNormals
 +
|subtext1= Equine Section
 +
}}
 +
'''Go to [[#Donkey|donkey parameters]]'''
 +
===Horse===
 
{|border="2" width="800px" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all" style="margin:1em 1em 1em 0; border:solid 1px #AAAAAA; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show"
 
{|border="2" width="800px" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all" style="margin:1em 1em 1em 0; border:solid 1px #AAAAAA; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show"
 
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2" width="180px"|Haematologic Type
 
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2" width="180px"|Haematologic Type
 +
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|US Units
 +
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Full US Units
 
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Internarional Standard Units (SI)
 
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Internarional Standard Units (SI)
 +
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Full SI Units
 
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Normal Ranges
 
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Normal Ranges
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|WBC
+
!colspan="6" bgcolor="#DBDBDB"|UNITED STATES UNITS / International Standard Units (SI)
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|% x10-3/uL
 
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|5.5
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|RBC
+
!align="left"|Packed Cell Volume (PCV) (Haematocrit)
−
|% x10-6/uL
+
|%
−
|6.7 - 10.0
+
|Percentage
 +
|x10-2/L
 +
|Per litr
 +
|32 - 48 (Lower in cold-blooded)
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Haemoglobin
+
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Hemoglobin (Hgb)
 
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|g/dL
 
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|g/dL
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|11.2 - 16.2
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Grams per deci-litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|x10 g/L
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Grams per litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|10 - 18
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|Red Blood Cells (RBC)
 +
|x10-6/uL
 +
|Per microlitre
 +
|x10 g/L
 +
|Grams per litre
 +
|6 - 12
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Reticulocytes
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|%
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Percentage
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|%
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Percentage
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|0
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|Haematocrit
+
!align="left"|Mean Corpuscular Volume
−
|%
+
|f/L
−
|30 - 43
+
|Per femtolitre
 +
|f/L
 +
|Per femtolitre
 +
|34 - 58
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|MCV
+
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Mean Corpuscular Hgb
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|fL
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|pg
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|37.5 - 50
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per picogram
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|pg
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per picogram
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|13 - 19
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|MCH
+
!align="left"|Mean Corpuscular Hgb Concentration
−
|pg
+
|g/dL
−
|14.0 - 18.7
+
|Grams per deci-litre
 +
|x10 g/L
 +
|Grams per litre
 +
|31 - 37
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|MCHC
+
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Platelets
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|g/dL
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|x10-5/uL
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|36.4 - 38.8
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per microlitre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|x10-11/L
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|1 - 6
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|Platelets
+
!align="left"|White Blood Cells
 
|x10-3/uL
 
|x10-3/uL
−
|100 - 250
+
|Per microlitre
 +
|x10-9/L
 +
|Per litre
 +
|6 - 12
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Neutrophils (Segmented)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|% x10-3/uL
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per microlitre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|% x10-9/L
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|30 - 75% or 3 - 6
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Plasma Proteins
+
!align="left"|Neutrophils (band)
 +
|% x10-3/uL
 +
|Per microlitre
 +
|% x10-9/L
 +
|Per litre
 +
|0 - 1% or 0 - 0.1
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Lymphocytes
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|% x10-3/uL
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per microlitre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|% x10-9/L
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|25 - 60 / 1.5 - 5
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|Monocytes
 +
|% x10-3/uL
 +
|Per microlitre
 +
|% x10-9/L
 +
|Per litre
 +
|1 - 8 / 0 - 0.6
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Eosinophils
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|% x10-3/uL
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per microlitre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|% x10-9/L
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Per litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|1 - 10 / 0 - 0.8
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|Basophils
 +
|% x10-3/uL
 +
|Per microlitre
 +
|% x10-9/L
 +
|Per litre
 +
|0 - 3% or 0 - 0.3
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Myeloid/Erythroid Ratio
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|No units
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|No units
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|No units
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|No units
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|0.9 - 3.8 : 1
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|Plasma Proteins
 +
|g/dL
 +
|Grams per deci-litre
 +
|x10g/L
 +
|Grams per litre
 +
|6 - 8.5
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Plasma Fibrogen
 
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|g/dL
 
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|g/dL
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|6.1 - 8.0
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Grams per deci-litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|x10g/L
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Grams per litre
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|0.1 - 0.4
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|Fibrinogen
+
|}
−
|mg/dL
+
{|width="800px" align="center"
−
|100 - 500
+
{{citation
 +
|initiallast = Kahn
 +
|initialfirst =Cynthia M
 +
|2last = Line
 +
|2first =Scott
 +
|3last =Aiello
 +
|3first =Susan E
 +
|year = 2005
 +
|title = The Merck Veterinary Manual
 +
|ed = Ninth Edition
 +
|city = New Jersey, United States of America
 +
|pub = Merck & Co., Inc. & Merial Limited
 +
|range = Hematological Reference Guides
 +
}}
 +
|}
 +
===Donkey===
 +
{|border="2" width="800px" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all" style="margin:1em 1em 1em 0; border:solid 1px #AAAAAA; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show"
 +
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2" width="180px"|Parameter/units
 +
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Average
 +
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Range
 +
!bgcolor="#A7C1F2"|Interpretation
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Reticulocytes
+
!align="left"|RBC 10<sup>12</sup>/l
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|/uL
+
|5.5
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|0 (Nil)
+
|(4 - 7.3)
 +
|'''Red blood cells, packed cell volume, haemoglobin:'''
 +
Elevations in RBC, PCV, and Hb may occur in dehydration and with stress, excitation and exercise. A reduction in these values may occur with acute haemorrhage, chronic inflammation, renal disease, hepatic disease, parasitism, haemolysis, and haematopoietic neoplasia.
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|PCV %
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|33
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(25 - 38)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|<small>As above</small>
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|Hb g/dl
 +
|11.6
 +
|(9 - 15.3)
 +
|<small>As above</small>
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|MCH pg
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|21.9
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(18.9 - 28.6)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Mean corpuscular haematology:'''
 +
Elevations occur with haemolysis. Reductions usually indicate iron deficiency.
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|MCHC g/dl
 +
|34.8
 +
|(31.4 - 39.1)
 +
|'''Mean corpuscular haematological concentration:'''
 +
Elevations occur with haemolysis. Reductions may indicate iron deficiency.
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|MCV fl
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|64
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(57 - 79)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Macrocytosis''' seen with regenerative anaemia. Microcytosis seen with iron deficiency.
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|WBC 10<sup>9</sup>/l
 +
|10.2
 +
|(6.1 - 16.1)
 +
|'''White blood cells'''. The total number of WBC is influenced by the numbers of [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]], lymphocytes, eosinophils,  [[Monocytes|monocytes]] and basophils. Leucocytosis is seen with septic and non-septic inflammatory conditions. Leucopaenia can occur
 +
during viral infection and severe leucopenia with acute bacterial infections.
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|NEU %
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|50.5
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(28 - 78)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Neutrophils.''' Neutrophilia can arise transiently due to exercise, excitement and stress. Elevations are seen with septic and non-septic inflammatory conditions and acute bacterial infections. Corticosteroids, exogenous and endogenous, also cause a neutrophilia. Neutropenia can occur during viral infections.
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|NEU T 10<sup>9</sup>/l
 +
|5.0
 +
|(2.2 - 13.3)
 +
|<small>As above</small>
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|EOS %
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|4
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(1 - 10)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Eosinophils.''' Eosinophilia may be seen as a result of parasitism, allergic respiratory disease and eosinophilic leukaemia. Eosinopaenia is hard to evaluate as the numbers of eosinophils in normal donkeys are low.
 +
|-
 +
!align="left"|EOS T 10<sup>9</sup>/l
 +
|0.38
 +
|(0.09 - 1.15)
 +
|<small>As above</small>
 +
|-
 +
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|BAS %
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|0
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(0 - 0.8)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Basophils.''' Basophilia is rare in donkeys.
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|Band Neutrophils
+
!align="left"|BAS T 10<sup>9</sup>/l
−
|/uL
+
|0
−
|0 - 100
+
|(0 - 0.5)
 +
|<small>As above</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Segmented Neutrophils
+
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|LYM %
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|/uL
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|43
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|2,200 - 8,100
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(17 - 65)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Lymphocytes.''' Lymphocytosis occurs in response to chronic viral infections, autoimmune disease and with excitement or exercise. Large elevations in lymphocyte numbers can be seen in lymphoma. Lymphopaenia occurs as a result of stress, exogenous corticosteroid administration, severe bacterial or viral infections, endotoxemia and immunodeficiency.
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|Lymphocytes
+
!align="left"|LYM T 10<sup>9</sup>/l
−
|/uL
+
|4.2
−
|1,700 - 5,800
+
|(1.8 - 7.8)
 +
|<small>As above</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Monocytes
+
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|MON %
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|/uL
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|1
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|0 - 1000
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(0 - 5)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Monocytes.''' Monocytosis can occur as a result of chronic suppurative and granulomatous inflammation. It may also be seen during recovery from viral infections of the upper respiratory tract.
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left"|Eosinophils
+
!align="left"|MON T 10<sup>9</sup>/l
−
|/uL
+
|0.13
−
|0 - 800
+
|(0 - 0.8)
 +
|<small>As above</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Basophils
+
!align="left" bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|Platelets 10<sup>9</sup>/l
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|/uL
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|5.5
−
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|0 - 300
+
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|(4 - 7.3)
 +
|bgcolor="#F2F2F2"|'''Thrombocytes.''' Thrombocytosis is rare but can occur in bacterial infections. Thrombocytopaenia may be seen in disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), immunemediated thrombocytopenia, equine infectious anaemia (EIA),  endotoxemia, equine ehrlichiosis, neoplasia, or as a result of severe haemorrhage. Artifactual reductions in platelet numbers can occur as a result of platelets clumping in EDTA.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
+
Svendsen, E.D., Duncan, J. and Hadrill, D. (2008) ''The Professional Handbook of the Donkey'', 4th edition, Whittet Books, Appendix 1
−
{{toplink
 
−
|linkpage =WikiNormals
 
−
|linktext =WikiNormals
 
−
 
 
−
|pagetype =WikiNormals
 
−
|sublink1= Equine Section - WikiNormals
 
−
|subtext1= Equine Section
 
−
}}
 
−
{{OpenPages}}
 
−
[[Category:Haematology Reference Ranges]]
 
−
[[Category:WikiNormals]]
 

Revision as of 16:59, 12 June 2010

WikiNormalsWikiNormals Banner.png
WIKINORMALS
EQUINE SECTION


Go to donkey parameters

Horse

Haematologic Type US Units Full US Units Internarional Standard Units (SI) Full SI Units Normal Ranges
UNITED STATES UNITS / International Standard Units (SI)
Packed Cell Volume (PCV) (Haematocrit) % Percentage x10-2/L Per litr 32 - 48 (Lower in cold-blooded)
Hemoglobin (Hgb) g/dL Grams per deci-litre x10 g/L Grams per litre 10 - 18
Red Blood Cells (RBC) x10-6/uL Per microlitre x10 g/L Grams per litre 6 - 12
Reticulocytes % Percentage % Percentage 0
Mean Corpuscular Volume f/L Per femtolitre f/L Per femtolitre 34 - 58
Mean Corpuscular Hgb pg Per picogram pg Per picogram 13 - 19
Mean Corpuscular Hgb Concentration g/dL Grams per deci-litre x10 g/L Grams per litre 31 - 37
Platelets x10-5/uL Per microlitre x10-11/L Per litre 1 - 6
White Blood Cells x10-3/uL Per microlitre x10-9/L Per litre 6 - 12
Neutrophils (Segmented) % x10-3/uL Per microlitre % x10-9/L Per litre 30 - 75% or 3 - 6
Neutrophils (band) % x10-3/uL Per microlitre % x10-9/L Per litre 0 - 1% or 0 - 0.1
Lymphocytes % x10-3/uL Per microlitre % x10-9/L Per litre 25 - 60 / 1.5 - 5
Monocytes % x10-3/uL Per microlitre % x10-9/L Per litre 1 - 8 / 0 - 0.6
Eosinophils % x10-3/uL Per microlitre % x10-9/L Per litre 1 - 10 / 0 - 0.8
Basophils % x10-3/uL Per microlitre % x10-9/L Per litre 0 - 3% or 0 - 0.3
Myeloid/Erythroid Ratio No units No units No units No units 0.9 - 3.8 : 1
Plasma Proteins g/dL Grams per deci-litre x10g/L Grams per litre 6 - 8.5
Plasma Fibrogen g/dL Grams per deci-litre x10g/L Grams per litre 0.1 - 0.4
Kahn, Cynthia M., Line, Scott., Aiello, Susan E. (2005) The Merck Veterinary Manual. Ninth Edition ed. New Jersey, United States of America: Merck & Co., Inc. & Merial Limited. pp.Hematological Reference Guides.

Donkey

Parameter/units Average Range Interpretation
RBC 1012/l 5.5 (4 - 7.3) Red blood cells, packed cell volume, haemoglobin:

Elevations in RBC, PCV, and Hb may occur in dehydration and with stress, excitation and exercise. A reduction in these values may occur with acute haemorrhage, chronic inflammation, renal disease, hepatic disease, parasitism, haemolysis, and haematopoietic neoplasia.

PCV % 33 (25 - 38) As above
Hb g/dl 11.6 (9 - 15.3) As above
MCH pg 21.9 (18.9 - 28.6) Mean corpuscular haematology:

Elevations occur with haemolysis. Reductions usually indicate iron deficiency.

MCHC g/dl 34.8 (31.4 - 39.1) Mean corpuscular haematological concentration:

Elevations occur with haemolysis. Reductions may indicate iron deficiency.

MCV fl 64 (57 - 79) Macrocytosis seen with regenerative anaemia. Microcytosis seen with iron deficiency.
WBC 109/l 10.2 (6.1 - 16.1) White blood cells. The total number of WBC is influenced by the numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils. Leucocytosis is seen with septic and non-septic inflammatory conditions. Leucopaenia can occur

during viral infection and severe leucopenia with acute bacterial infections.

NEU % 50.5 (28 - 78) Neutrophils. Neutrophilia can arise transiently due to exercise, excitement and stress. Elevations are seen with septic and non-septic inflammatory conditions and acute bacterial infections. Corticosteroids, exogenous and endogenous, also cause a neutrophilia. Neutropenia can occur during viral infections.
NEU T 109/l 5.0 (2.2 - 13.3) As above
EOS % 4 (1 - 10) Eosinophils. Eosinophilia may be seen as a result of parasitism, allergic respiratory disease and eosinophilic leukaemia. Eosinopaenia is hard to evaluate as the numbers of eosinophils in normal donkeys are low.
EOS T 109/l 0.38 (0.09 - 1.15) As above
BAS % 0 (0 - 0.8) Basophils. Basophilia is rare in donkeys.
BAS T 109/l 0 (0 - 0.5) As above
LYM % 43 (17 - 65) Lymphocytes. Lymphocytosis occurs in response to chronic viral infections, autoimmune disease and with excitement or exercise. Large elevations in lymphocyte numbers can be seen in lymphoma. Lymphopaenia occurs as a result of stress, exogenous corticosteroid administration, severe bacterial or viral infections, endotoxemia and immunodeficiency.
LYM T 109/l 4.2 (1.8 - 7.8) As above
MON % 1 (0 - 5) Monocytes. Monocytosis can occur as a result of chronic suppurative and granulomatous inflammation. It may also be seen during recovery from viral infections of the upper respiratory tract.
MON T 109/l 0.13 (0 - 0.8) As above
Platelets 109/l 5.5 (4 - 7.3) Thrombocytes. Thrombocytosis is rare but can occur in bacterial infections. Thrombocytopaenia may be seen in disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), immunemediated thrombocytopenia, equine infectious anaemia (EIA), endotoxemia, equine ehrlichiosis, neoplasia, or as a result of severe haemorrhage. Artifactual reductions in platelet numbers can occur as a result of platelets clumping in EDTA.

Svendsen, E.D., Duncan, J. and Hadrill, D. (2008) The Professional Handbook of the Donkey, 4th edition, Whittet Books, Appendix 1

Retrieved from "https://en.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Equine_Haematology&oldid=66448"