Difference between revisions of "Haematobia irritans"

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{{OpenPagesTop}}
 
{{Taxobox
 
|name              = ''Haematobia irritans
 
|kingdom            =
 
|phylum            = [[:Category:Arthropods|Arthropoda]]
 
|class              = [[Insecta]]
 
|sub-class          =
 
|order              = Diptera
 
|super-family      =
 
|family            = Muscidae
 
|sub-family        =
 
|genus              = Haematobia
 
|species            = ''H. irritans
 
}}
 
 
[[Image:Haematobia irritans.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Haematobia irritans'' - Scott Bauer Wikimedia Commons]]
 
[[Image:Haematobia irritans.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Haematobia irritans'' - Scott Bauer Wikimedia Commons]]
Also known as: '''''Horn fly — Lyperosia irritans
 
  
==Hosts==
+
==Introduction==
Cattle
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{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
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| Also known as:
 +
| '''Horn fly
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
==Identification==
 
''H. irritans'' is of the class [[Insecta|insecta]].  Adults are between 3-4mm in length, and are grey with black stripes on the thorax. The larvae are yellow.
 
  
==Life Cycle==
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*'''Resident''' biting fly
The flies remain on the host, for most of their life cycle, leaving only to lay their eggs on other hosts - spreading the infection. The eggs hatch quickly, and mature on the cattle, mostly along the back, shoulders and sides.
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**Spends most of its time '''on''' the host along the back, shoulders and sides
  
The complete life cycle takes around a 1 week.
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*Mainly resides on cattle
  
{{Learning
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*Feed on areas where the skin is thin e.g. dewlap, belly and udder
|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Haematobia+irritans%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=OR&q2=%22Horn+fly%22&occuring2=title&rowId=3&options3=OR&q3=%22Lyperosia+irritans%22&occuring3=title&x=40&y=13&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all ''Haematobia irritans'' publications]
 
}}
 
  
 +
*Common in southern England, the USA, Europe and Australia
  
{{review}}
 
  
{{OpenPages}}
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'''Recognition'''
 +
*Similar to the stable fly
 +
 
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*Smaller at 4-7mm long
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Life cycle==
 +
*Eggs laid in fresh cattle dung
 +
 
 +
*Larvae burrow into dung and pupate
 +
 
 +
*Life cycle takes '''1 week'''
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Pathogenesis==
 +
*Production losses
 +
**Annoyance
 +
**Bites can lead to secondary infection by [[Myiasis Producing Flies|myiasis producing flies]] and other muscid species
 +
 
 +
*Disease transmission
 +
**Pathogenic bacteria and viruses via mechanical transmission
 +
**Helminths can be introduced into the host
 +
***E.g. ''Stephanofiliaria'' a filarial nemadode found in the skin of cattle overseas
 +
 
 +
==Control==
 +
*Resident fly so easier to control than visiting flies as spends more time in contact with the host
 +
 
 +
*However, [[Ectoparasiticides|insecticide]] resistance can occur quicker
  
 
[[Category:Biting_Flies]]
 
[[Category:Biting_Flies]]
 
+
[[Category:To_Do_-_Parasites]]
[[Category:Expert_Review - Parasites]]
 
[[Category:Cattle Parasites]]
 

Revision as of 21:36, 25 June 2010

Haematobia irritans - Scott Bauer Wikimedia Commons

Introduction

Also known as: Horn fly


  • Resident biting fly
    • Spends most of its time on the host along the back, shoulders and sides
  • Mainly resides on cattle
  • Feed on areas where the skin is thin e.g. dewlap, belly and udder
  • Common in southern England, the USA, Europe and Australia


Recognition

  • Similar to the stable fly
  • Smaller at 4-7mm long


Life cycle

  • Eggs laid in fresh cattle dung
  • Larvae burrow into dung and pupate
  • Life cycle takes 1 week


Pathogenesis

  • Production losses
  • Disease transmission
    • Pathogenic bacteria and viruses via mechanical transmission
    • Helminths can be introduced into the host
      • E.g. Stephanofiliaria a filarial nemadode found in the skin of cattle overseas

Control

  • Resident fly so easier to control than visiting flies as spends more time in contact with the host