Difference between revisions of "Equine Viral Encephalitis"

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Also known as: '''''Equine viral encephalomyelitis — Equine viral encephalitides — Equine viral encephalomyelitides'''''
 
  
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==Introduction==
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{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
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Viral diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of equidae causing encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. Most commonly involves [[Equine Togaviral Encephalitis]].
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| Also known as:
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|'''Equine viral encephalomyelitis<br>
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'''Equine viral encephalitides<br>
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'''Equine viral encephalomyelitides'''
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|-}
  
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==Aetiology==
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====Description====
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Viral diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of equidae causing encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. 
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====Aetiology====
 
Infection with any of the following viruses can cause CNS disease in horses:
 
Infection with any of the following viruses can cause CNS disease in horses:
  
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*Cache Valley Virus
 
*Cache Valley Virus
 
Family Bunyaviridae, Genus ''Orthobunyavirus''
 
Family Bunyaviridae, Genus ''Orthobunyavirus''
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*California Encephalitis viruses <ref>Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
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*California Encephalitis viruses
 
**Snowshoe Hare Virus
 
**Snowshoe Hare Virus
 
**Jamestown Canyon Virus
 
**Jamestown Canyon Virus
 
*Main Drain Virus
 
*Main Drain Virus
 
Family [[:Category:Flaviviridae|Flaviviridae]], Genus [[:Category:Flaviviruses|''Flavivirus'']]
 
Family [[:Category:Flaviviridae|Flaviviridae]], Genus [[:Category:Flaviviruses|''Flavivirus'']]
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*[[Japanese Encephalitis Virus]]
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*Japanese Encephalitis Virus
 
*Kunjin Virus
 
*Kunjin Virus
 
*[[Louping Ill|Louping Ill Virus]]
 
*[[Louping Ill|Louping Ill Virus]]
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*[[Nipah Virus]]
 
*[[Nipah Virus]]
 
Family [[:Category:Rhabdoviridae|Rhabdoviridae]], Genus ''Lyssavirus''
 
Family [[:Category:Rhabdoviridae|Rhabdoviridae]], Genus ''Lyssavirus''
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*[[Rabies]] Virus
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*[[Rabies Virus]]  
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Family [[:Category:Reoviridae|Reoviridae]], Genus ''Orbivirus''
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Family Reoviridae, Genus ''Orbivirus''
 
*Equine Encephalosis Virus
 
*Equine Encephalosis Virus
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[[:Category:Togaviridae|Family Togaviridae]], Genus [[Equine Encephalitis Virus|''Alphavirus'']]
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[[Equine Togaviral Encephalitis|Family Togaviridae]], Genus [[Equine Encephalitis Virus|''Alphavirus'']]
 
*Aura Virus
 
*Aura Virus
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*Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEV) **
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*[[Equine Togaviral Encephalitis|Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEV)]] **
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*Western EEV **
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*[[Equine Togaviral Encephalitis|Western EEV]] **
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*Venezuelan EEV **
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*[[Equine Togaviral Encephalitis|Venezuelan EEV]] **
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*Highlands J Virus
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*[[Equine Encephalitis Virus|Highlands J Virus]]
 
*Getah Virus
 
*Getah Virus
 
*Semliki Forest Virus
 
*Semliki Forest Virus
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Other viruses implicated in equine encephalitis:
 
Other viruses implicated in equine encephalitis:
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*Maguari Virus<ref>Calisher, C.H, Monath, T.P, Sabattini, M.S, Mitchell, C.J, Lazuick, J.S, Tesh, R.B, Cropp, C.B (1987) A newly recognised vesiculovirus, Calchaqui virus, and subtypes of Melao and Maguari viruses from Argentina, with serologic evidence for infections of humans and horses, ''Am J Trop Med Hyg'', 36:114-119.  In: Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
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*Maguari Virus
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==Legislation==
 
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Diseases caused by some of the viruses listed above (**) are subject to The Infectious Diseases of Horses Order 1987.  "''The Order, which revoked and replaced earlier legislation, makes these diseases compulsorily notifiable: it gives an inspector powers to declare an infected place where disease is suspected; to carry out a veterinary inquiry, prohibits the movement of horses carcases and other things onto or off the premises and requires cleansing and disinfection''".  Council Directive 90/426 describes all cases of equine encephalomyelitis (regardless of cause) as compulsorily notifiable to the EU.<ref>http://www.defra.gov.uk/foodfarm/farmanimal/diseases/atoz/viralenceph/index.htm</ref>
 
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{{Learning
 
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|full text = [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2005/20053177514.pdf ''' Update on viral encephalitis, encephalomyelitis and myeloencephalopathy.''' Traub-Dargatz, J.; Eastern States Veterinary Association, Gainesville, USA, Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference. Large animal. Volume 19, Orlando, Florida, USA, 8-12 January, 2005, 2005, pp 274-278, 10 ref.]
 
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}}
 
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==References==
 
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<references/>
 
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{{review}}
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====Legislation====
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Diseases caused by some of the viruses listed above (**) are subject to The Infectious Diseases of Horses Order 1987.  "''The Order, which revoked and replaced earlier legislation, makes these diseases compulsorily notifiable: it gives an inspector powers to declare an infected place where disease is suspected; to carry out a veterinary inquiry, prohibits the movement of horses carcases and other things onto or off the premises and requires cleansing and disinfection''".  Council Directive 90/426 describes all cases of equine encephalomyelitis (regardless of cause) as compulsorily notifiable to the EU.
  
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{{OpenPages}}
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====References====
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Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.
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http://www.defra.gov.uk/foodfarm/farmanimal/diseases/atoz/viralenceph/index.htm
  
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[[Category:Expert_Review]]
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[[Category:Togaviridae]]
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[[Category:Neurological Diseases - Horse]]
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[[Category:Horse]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Nina]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]

Revision as of 12:12, 9 July 2010


 This article is still under construction.


Description

Viral diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of equidae causing encephalitis or meningoencephalitis.

Aetiology

Infection with any of the following viruses can cause CNS disease in horses:

Family Bornaviridae, Genus Bornavirus

  • Borna Disease Virus

Family Bunyaviridae, Genus Bunyamweravirus

  • Cache Valley Virus

Family Bunyaviridae, Genus Orthobunyavirus

  • California Encephalitis viruses
    • Snowshoe Hare Virus
    • Jamestown Canyon Virus
  • Main Drain Virus

Family Flaviviridae, Genus Flavivirus

Family Paramyxoviridae, Genus Henipavirus

Family Rhabdoviridae, Genus Lyssavirus

Family Reoviridae, Genus Orbivirus

  • Equine Encephalosis Virus

Family Togaviridae, Genus Alphavirus

Other viruses implicated in equine encephalitis:

  • Maguari Virus

Legislation

Diseases caused by some of the viruses listed above (**) are subject to The Infectious Diseases of Horses Order 1987. "The Order, which revoked and replaced earlier legislation, makes these diseases compulsorily notifiable: it gives an inspector powers to declare an infected place where disease is suspected; to carry out a veterinary inquiry, prohibits the movement of horses carcases and other things onto or off the premises and requires cleansing and disinfection". Council Directive 90/426 describes all cases of equine encephalomyelitis (regardless of cause) as compulsorily notifiable to the EU.

References

Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) Equine Internal Medicine (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 12. http://www.defra.gov.uk/foodfarm/farmanimal/diseases/atoz/viralenceph/index.htm

Also known as: Equine viral encephalomyelitis

Equine viral encephalitides
 Equine viral encephalomyelitides

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