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| + | *Caused by [[Cheyletiella spp.|''Cheyletiella'' sp.]] |
| − | Also known as: '''''Walking dandruff'''''
| + | *Occurs in dogs, cats, rabbits, humans and wild animals |
| − | | + | *In dogs and cats: hyperkeratosis - dry, white, scaly dandruff along back |
| − | ==Introduction==
| + | *May be asymptomatic |
| − | {{Taxobox
| + | *Grossly: |
| − | |name =''Cheyletiella''
| + | **Focal, multifocal or generalised red papules or crusts |
| − | |phylum =Arthropoda
| + | *Microscopically: |
| − | |class =Arachnida
| + | **Superficial perivascular dermatitis |
| − | |subclass =Acari
| + | **Eosinophils |
| − | |order =Trombidiformes
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| − | |family =Cheyletidae
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| − | |genus =Cheyletiella
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| − | }}
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| − | [[Image:cheyletiella.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Cheyletiella mite'' - Kalumet 2004,Wikimedia Commons]] | |
| − | [[Image:cheyletiella 2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Cheyletiella mite closeup'' - Kalumet 2004,Wikimedia Commons]]
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| − | [[File:chey.jpg|right|thumb|175px|<small><center>Cheyletiellosis in a Labrador Retriever (from Uwe Gille (2008), Wikicommons]</center></small>]]
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| − | Cheyletiellosis is a contagious disease caused by ''Cheyletiella'' sp. The [[:Category:Mites|mites]] live on the [[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology|skin]] surface causing itching and [[Skin Glossary - Pathology#Scale|scale]] on affected animals. Transmission is mainly by direct contact but the mites can also be transported between animals via a [[:Category:Fleas|flea]] or [[:Category:Lice - Dog|lice]]. It is a zoonotic disease.
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| − | ==Mites==
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| − | Cheyletiella mites are [[Non-Burrowing Mites|surface mites]] of dogs and cats.
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| − | They are also found on humans and rabbits. They cause Cheyletiellosis, a parasitic skin infestation.
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| − | They have a waisted body and claw like palps on their heads. They also have combs at the ends of their legs.
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| − | ===Lifecycle===
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| − | The lifecycle of a Cheyletiella mite lasts 21-35 days on the host. The adults mites can survive off the host for 2-14 days. They live on the skin surface and their eggs are attached to hair shafts.
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| − | ===Important Species===
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| − | ''C.yasguri''- Most commonly found on dogs.
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| − | ''C.blakei''- Most commonly found on cats and humans.
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| − | ''C.parasitivorax''- Most commonly [[Mites – Rabbit#Cheyletiella parasitivorax|found on rabbits]].
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| − | ==Signalment==
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| − | Occurs in dogs, cats, rabbits, humans and wild animals. There is no breed, sex or age predisposition but it is often seen in puppies probably due to management reasons. | |
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| | ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| − | A diagnosis can be made on history and clinical signs in combination with demonstration of the parasite.
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| − | Scurf can be brushed onto dark paper and 'Walking dandruff' will be seen as mites will move when present in large numbers.
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| − | The parasite can also be identified microscopically from skin scrapings, coat brushes and hair plucking form scaly areas.
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| − | Eggs may also be present on the animal which can be examined microscopically.
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| − |
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| − | ==Clinical Signs==
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| − | Sometimes cases may be asymptomatic.
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| − | In dogs hyperkeratosis of the skin occurs and dry, white, scaly dandruff can be seen along the back of the animal.
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| − | Marked pruritus is sometimes present which in severe cases can be confused as neurological disease.
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| − | In cats pruritus is also a common feature with the presence of scale and [[Skin Glossary - Pathology#papules|papules]]. Miliary dermatitis is a commmon finding normally on the neck or back of the cat.
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| − | ==Pathology==
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| − | Grossly: Focal, multifocal or generalised red papules or crusts occur often along the dorsum of the animal.
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| − | Microscopically: Superficial perivascular dermatitis is present with infiltrating [[Eosinophils|eosinophils]].
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| − | ==Treatment==
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| − | All in contact animals should be treated.
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| − | The environment the animal has been living in should be cleaned and also treated.
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| − | Amitraz (Aludex), baths for 3-5 weeks or selenium sulphide shampoos are effective against the mite. Ivermectin is also good when used three times two weeks apart.
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| − | Fipronil spray (Frontline)is also useful as it helps remove an infestation when used in combination with other treatments.
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| − | If the animal has any secondary skin [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Superficial pyoderma|pyoderma]] following intense scratching this should also be treated with [[Antibiotics |antibiotics]].
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| − | ==Prognosis==
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| − | Good, will resolve with treatment as long as the animal does not become re-infested.
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| − | {{Learning
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| − | |Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis02357.asp Cheyletiellosis in dogs]<br>[https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Bug/bug00051.asp Cheyletiella yasguri image]
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| − | |flashcards = [[Mites_Flashcards|Mites Flashcards]]<br>[[Small Mammals Q&A 13]]<br>[[Rabbit Medicine and Surgery Q&A 17]]
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| − | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=Cheyletiellosis&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=46&y=5 Cheylletiellosis publications]
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| − | }}
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| − | ==References==
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| − | Foster A.P and Foil C.S (2003) '''BSAVA manual of Small Animal Dermatology'''. 2nd edition. BSAVA.
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| − | Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L., Wall,R.L. (2007) '''Veterinary Parasitology''' ''Blackwell Publishing''
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| − | {{review}}
| + | A diagnosis can be made on clinical signs, including the presence of excess scurf, or dandruff. |
| | + | Scurf can be brushed onto dark paper, 'Walking dandruff' will be seen as mites will move when present in large numbers. |
| | + | Skin scrapings and hair pluckings from scaly areas are also diagnostic. Eggs may also be present on the animal. |
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| − | {{OpenPages}}
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| − | [[Category:Zoonoses]]
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| − | [[Category:Expert_Review]]
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| − | [[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Cat]] | + | [[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]] |
| − | [[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Dog]]
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| − | [[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Horse]]
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| − | [[Category:Integumentary System - Mite Infections]]
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