Difference between revisions of "Oxyuris equi"

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=== ''OXYURIS EQUI'' ===
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{{Taxobox
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==== General ====
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|name              = ''Oxyuris equi
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*Pinworm; caecum; large intestine; rectum.
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|kingdom            =  
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*Very common.
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|phylum            =  
 
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|class              = [[Nematodes|Nematoda]]
 
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|sub-class          =
 
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|order              =  
 
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|super-family      = [[Oxyuroidea]]
 
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|family            =  
 
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|sub-family        =
 
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|genus              =  
 
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|species            = ''Oxyuris equi
 
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}}
 
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Also known as: '''''Equine pinworm — Pinworm — Rat-tail
 
  
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==Introduction==
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==== Morphology ====
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''Oxyuris equi'' is a pinworm, of the superfamily [[Oxyuroidea]], and found specifically in horses.  It is seen relatively commonly, and its presence is often a result of poor worming protocol. It is found primarily in the caecum, large intestine and the rectum.
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*Female worms, <10cm long, white, long pointed tail.
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*Male worms, <1cm (difficult to see).
  
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==Identification==
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==== Life-Cycle ====
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The female worms are large, grey worms often greater than 10cm in length, with a long pointed tail.
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*Adults in lumen of colon.
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The male worms are smaller, generally less than 1cm in length.
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*Female migrates to anus, lay eggs on perianal hair (white streaks on hair; operculate eggs, 80-90µm, flattened on one side).
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*Eggs fall to ground, L3 develops inside egg, ingested, L3 invades colonic mucosa, emerges as L4 matures.
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*Prepatent period = 5months.
  
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The ''O. equi'' eggs are ovoid, and yellow.  The egg shell is thick, and is slightly flattened on one side. They are 80-90µm in size.
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==== Pathogenicity ====
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*Larvae (L4) - feed on colon mucosa, nip off epithelium, not true plug-feeders (erosions).
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*Adults - non-pathogenic, feed on gut contents; but egg-laying activity of female worms irritant (''pruritus ani''), broken hair and bare patches over rump and tail head (seat itch).
  
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==Life-Cycle==
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==== Diagnosis ====
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Both the male and female adults are fixed in lumen of colon, and the caecum. After fertilization, the female migrates towards the rectum. They then lay their sticky eggs in the perineal region.  After 4-5 days, the infective L3 develop.  The shell then crumbles and the L3 are released into the immediate environment.
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*Clinical signs.
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*Egg streaks on perianal hair (sample using sellotape, place on slide).
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*Faeces on gound (adult female worms).
  
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The horse then ingests the eggs containing the infective L3.  These then transform into L4, and then attach to the mucosa of the intestine, and the cycle continues.
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==== Control ====
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The Prepatent period for '''Oxyuris equi''' is 5 months.
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*Regular anthelmintic treatment.
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*Sponge perianal region frequently when clinical signs present (scald sponge after).[[Category:Oxyuroidea]]
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{{Learning
 
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|flashcards = [[Horse_Nematode_Flashcards|Horse Nematode Flashcards]]
 
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|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28%22Oxyuris+equi%22%29 ''Oxyuris equi'' publications]
 
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|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/search?s=nematode Nematodes]
 
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}}
 
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{{OpenPages}}
 
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[[Category:Oxyuroidea]]
 
 
[[Category:Horse_Nematodes]]
 
[[Category:Horse_Nematodes]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Max]]
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[[Category:Expert_Review]]
 

Revision as of 14:46, 13 July 2010

OXYURIS EQUI

General

  • Pinworm; caecum; large intestine; rectum.
  • Very common.

Morphology

  • Female worms, <10cm long, white, long pointed tail.
  • Male worms, <1cm (difficult to see).

Life-Cycle

  • Adults in lumen of colon.
  • Female migrates to anus, lay eggs on perianal hair (white streaks on hair; operculate eggs, 80-90µm, flattened on one side).
  • Eggs fall to ground, L3 develops inside egg, ingested, L3 invades colonic mucosa, emerges as L4 matures.
  • Prepatent period = 5months.

Pathogenicity

  • Larvae (L4) - feed on colon mucosa, nip off epithelium, not true plug-feeders (erosions).
  • Adults - non-pathogenic, feed on gut contents; but egg-laying activity of female worms irritant (pruritus ani), broken hair and bare patches over rump and tail head (seat itch).

Diagnosis

  • Clinical signs.
  • Egg streaks on perianal hair (sample using sellotape, place on slide).
  • Faeces on gound (adult female worms).

Control

  • Regular anthelmintic treatment.
  • Sponge perianal region frequently when clinical signs present (scald sponge after).
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