Difference between revisions of "Neutropenia"

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==Description==
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Neutropenia refers to a reduction in number of [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] circulating in the blood.  As with deficiencies in other types of blood cell, neutropenia may occur due to failure to produce sufficient cells or due to excessive loss of cells as part of a pathological process.  The major causes of neutropenia are:
 
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*Infections caused by '''Gram negative bacteria''' which are able to produce endotoxin.
 
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*Diseases that result in reduced production of cell in the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]].  In these diseases, neutropenia may be accompanied by other '-penias' and this may result in deficiencies of all of the blood cell lines: '''pancytopenia'''.  Examples of this type of disease include:
 
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**Radiotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy
 
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**Toxins including bracken, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-potentiated [[Sulphonamides|sulphonamides]] in Dobermann dogs and oestrogens.
 
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**Infection with viruses that have a tropism for rapidly dividing cells, including [[Canine Parvovirus|canine parvovirus]], [[Canine Distemper|canine distemper]] and [[Infectious Canine Hepatitis|infectious canine hepatitis]].  [[Feline Panleucopaenia|Feline panleucopaenia]] may result in multiple '-cytopenias'. 
 
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**Myelophthisis that may be due to myelofibrosis or to the growth of tumours that replace or displace normal [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]].  The most common type of tumour that cause myelophthisis are myeloproliferative or lymphoproliferative diseases.
 
  
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[[Category:Haematology Changes]]
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* Neutropenia is a reduction in numbers of [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] circulating in the blood.
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* Occurs with:
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** Infections caused by Gram-negative organisms.
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*** Cause by the effects of their endotoxins.
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** Factors that destroy their formation in the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]].
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** For example
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*** Radiation
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*** Toxins affecting bone marrow functions
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**** E.g. Bracken
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*** Some viruses
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**** E.g. Parvovirus and Infectious Canine Hepatitis
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*** Tumours that replace or displace normal [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]].
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[[Category:Blood Cell Changes]][[Category:To Do - Blood]]

Revision as of 12:14, 4 August 2010


 This article is still under construction.



  • Neutropenia is a reduction in numbers of neutrophils circulating in the blood.



  • Occurs with:
    • Infections caused by Gram-negative organisms.
      • Cause by the effects of their endotoxins.
    • Factors that destroy their formation in the bone marrow.
    • For example
      • Radiation
      • Toxins affecting bone marrow functions
        • E.g. Bracken
      • Some viruses
        • E.g. Parvovirus and Infectious Canine Hepatitis
      • Tumours that replace or displace normal bone marrow.
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