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| − | Also known as: '''''Walking dandruff''''' | + | {| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" |
| | + | | Also known as: |
| | + | | '''Walking dandruff''' |
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| − | ==Introduction== | + | ==Description== |
| − | {{Taxobox
| + | A contagious disease caused by [[Cheyletiella spp.|''Cheyletiella'' sp.]] The mites live on the skin surface causing itching and scale on affected animals. Transmission is mainly by direct contact but the mites can also be transported between animals via a [[Flea Structure|flea]] or [[:Category:Lice - Dog|lice]]. |
| − | |name =''Cheyletiella''
| + | Also a zoonotic disease. |
| − | |phylum =Arthropoda
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| − | |class =Arachnida
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| − | |subclass =Acari
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| − | |order =Trombidiformes
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| − | |family =Cheyletidae
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| − | |genus =Cheyletiella
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| − | }}
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| − | [[Image:cheyletiella.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Cheyletiella mite'' - Kalumet 2004,Wikimedia Commons]] | |
| − | [[Image:cheyletiella 2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Cheyletiella mite closeup'' - Kalumet 2004,Wikimedia Commons]]
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| − | [[File:chey.jpg|right|thumb|175px|<small><center>Cheyletiellosis in a Labrador Retriever (from Uwe Gille (2008), Wikicommons]</center></small>]]
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| − | Cheyletiellosis is a contagious disease caused by ''Cheyletiella'' sp. The [[:Category:Mites|mites]] live on the [[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology|skin]] surface causing itching and [[Skin Glossary - Pathology#Scale|scale]] on affected animals. Transmission is mainly by direct contact but the mites can also be transported between animals via a [[:Category:Fleas|flea]] or [[:Category:Lice - Dog|lice]]. It is a zoonotic disease.
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| − | ==Mites== | + | ==Signalment== |
| − | Cheyletiella mites are [[Non-Burrowing Mites|surface mites]] of dogs and cats.
| + | Occurs in dogs, cats, rabbits, humans and wild animals. There is no breed, sex or age predisposition but it is often seen in puppies probably due to management reasons. |
| − | They are also found on humans and rabbits. They cause Cheyletiellosis, a parasitic skin infestation.
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| − | They have a waisted body and claw like palps on their heads. They also have combs at the ends of their legs.
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| − | ===Lifecycle===
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| − | The lifecycle of a Cheyletiella mite lasts 21-35 days on the host. The adults mites can survive off the host for 2-14 days. They live on the skin surface and their eggs are attached to hair shafts.
| + | ==Diagnosis== |
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| − | ===Important Species=== | |
| − | ''C.yasguri''- Most commonly found on dogs.
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| − | ''C.blakei''- Most commonly found on cats and humans.
| + | A diagnosis can be made on clinical signs, including the presence of excess scurf, or dandruff. |
| | + | Scurf can be brushed onto dark paper, 'Walking dandruff' will be seen as mites will move when present in large numbers. |
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| − | ''C.parasitivorax''- Most commonly [[Mites – Rabbit#Cheyletiella parasitivorax|found on rabbits]].
| + | Skin scrapings and hair pluckings from scaly areas are also diagnostic. |
| − | | |
| − | ==Signalment==
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| − | Occurs in dogs, cats, rabbits, humans and wild animals. There is no breed, sex or age predisposition but it is often seen in puppies probably due to management reasons.
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| − | ==Diagnosis==
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| − | A diagnosis can be made on history and clinical signs in combination with demonstration of the parasite.
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| − | Scurf can be brushed onto dark paper and 'Walking dandruff' will be seen as mites will move when present in large numbers.
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| − | The parasite can also be identified microscopically from skin scrapings, coat brushes and hair plucking form scaly areas.
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| | Eggs may also be present on the animal which can be examined microscopically. | | Eggs may also be present on the animal which can be examined microscopically. |
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| | ==Clinical Signs== | | ==Clinical Signs== |
| − | Sometimes cases may be asymptomatic.
| + | In dogs and cats: hyperkeratosis occurs and dry, white, scaly dandruff can be seen along the back of the animal. |
| − | In dogs hyperkeratosis of the skin occurs and dry, white, scaly dandruff can be seen along the back of the animal. | |
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| − | Marked pruritus is sometimes present which in severe cases can be confused as neurological disease.
| + | Sometimes cases may be asymptomatic |
| − | In cats pruritus is also a common feature with the presence of scale and [[Skin Glossary - Pathology#papules|papules]]. Miliary dermatitis is a commmon finding normally on the neck or back of the cat.
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| | ==Pathology== | | ==Pathology== |
| | Grossly: Focal, multifocal or generalised red papules or crusts occur often along the dorsum of the animal. | | Grossly: Focal, multifocal or generalised red papules or crusts occur often along the dorsum of the animal. |
| − | Microscopically: Superficial perivascular dermatitis is present with infiltrating [[Eosinophils|eosinophils]]. | + | Microscopically: Superficial perivascular dermatitis is present with infiltrating eosinophils. |
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| | ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
| − | All in contact animals should be treated.
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| − | The environment the animal has been living in should be cleaned and also treated.
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| − | Amitraz (Aludex), baths for 3-5 weeks or selenium sulphide shampoos are effective against the mite. Ivermectin is also good when used three times two weeks apart.
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| − | Fipronil spray (Frontline)is also useful as it helps remove an infestation when used in combination with other treatments.
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| − | If the animal has any secondary skin [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Superficial pyoderma|pyoderma]] following intense scratching this should also be treated with [[Antibiotics |antibiotics]].
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| | ==Prognosis== | | ==Prognosis== |
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| − | Good, will resolve with treatment as long as the animal does not become re-infested.
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| − | {{Learning
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| − | |Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis02357.asp Cheyletiellosis in dogs]<br>[https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Bug/bug00051.asp Cheyletiella yasguri image]
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| − | |flashcards = [[Mites_Flashcards|Mites Flashcards]]<br>[[Small Mammals Q&A 13]]<br>[[Rabbit Medicine and Surgery Q&A 17]]
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| − | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=Cheyletiellosis&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=46&y=5 Cheylletiellosis publications]
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| − | }}
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| | ==References== | | ==References== |
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| − | Foster A.P and Foil C.S (2003) '''BSAVA manual of Small Animal Dermatology'''. 2nd edition. BSAVA.
| + | [[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]] |
| − | | + | [[Category:Zoonotic]] |
| − | Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L., Wall,R.L. (2007) '''Veterinary Parasitology''' ''Blackwell Publishing''
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| − | {{review}}
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| − | {{OpenPages}}
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| − | [[Category:Zoonoses]] | |
| − | [[Category:Expert_Review]]
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| − | [[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Cat]]
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| − | [[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Dog]]
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| − | [[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Horse]]
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| − | [[Category:Integumentary System - Mite Infections]] | |
| Also known as:
|
Walking dandruff
|
Description
A contagious disease caused by Cheyletiella sp. The mites live on the skin surface causing itching and scale on affected animals. Transmission is mainly by direct contact but the mites can also be transported between animals via a flea or lice.
Also a zoonotic disease.
Signalment
Occurs in dogs, cats, rabbits, humans and wild animals. There is no breed, sex or age predisposition but it is often seen in puppies probably due to management reasons.
Diagnosis
A diagnosis can be made on clinical signs, including the presence of excess scurf, or dandruff.
Scurf can be brushed onto dark paper, 'Walking dandruff' will be seen as mites will move when present in large numbers.
Skin scrapings and hair pluckings from scaly areas are also diagnostic.
Eggs may also be present on the animal which can be examined microscopically.
Clinical Signs
In dogs and cats: hyperkeratosis occurs and dry, white, scaly dandruff can be seen along the back of the animal.
Sometimes cases may be asymptomatic
Pathology
Grossly: Focal, multifocal or generalised red papules or crusts occur often along the dorsum of the animal.
Microscopically: Superficial perivascular dermatitis is present with infiltrating eosinophils.
Treatment
Prognosis
References
