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Surgery - Donkey (view source)

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==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
    
This section offers an overview of the types of surgery commonly performed at [http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk The Donkey Sanctuary]. A standard equine surgical text should be consulted for a more detailed explanation of the surgical techniques discussed. References to surgeries specific to the donkey are included below.
 
This section offers an overview of the types of surgery commonly performed at [http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk The Donkey Sanctuary]. A standard equine surgical text should be consulted for a more detailed explanation of the surgical techniques discussed. References to surgeries specific to the donkey are included below.
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A review of the last 160 surgeries performed under general anaesthetic at [http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk The Donkey Sanctuary] shows that the <u>majority</u> are '''routine castrations''' and the '''removal of dermal masses'''. In addition, operations on the '''hoof and distal phalanx''' are relatively common due to keratomas and/or septic pedal bone. In young donkeys we also see a number of '''tenotomy''' operations necessitated by flexural deformities of the distal inter-phalangeal joint. <u>Less common</u> are dental surgeries requiring the '''removal of cheek teeth''', the removal of '''chondroids from the guttural pouch, exploratory laparotomy, enucleation of the eye'''and '''wound management'''. '''Exploration of the frontal and/or maxillary sinus''' is frequently required under local anaesthetic and sedation.
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A review of the last 160 surgeries performed under general anaesthetic at [http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk The Donkey Sanctuary] shows that the <u>majority</u> are '''routine castrations''' and the '''removal of dermal masses'''. In addition, operations on the '''hoof and distal phalanx''' are relatively common due to keratomas and/or septic pedal bone. In young donkeys we also see a number of '''tenotomy''' operations necessitated by flexural deformities of the distal inter-phalangeal joint. <u>Less common</u> are dental surgeries requiring the '''removal of cheek teeth''', the removal of '''chondroids from the guttural pouch, exploratory laparotomy, enucleation of the eye''' and '''wound management'''. '''Exploration of the frontal and/or maxillary sinus''' is frequently required under local anaesthetic and sedation.
    
Different populations of donkeys have different surgical problems. For example, in [http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk Donkey Sanctuary] projects overseas, which concern a younger population of working, breeding animals, there is a higher incidence of work-related wounds and dystocias.
 
Different populations of donkeys have different surgical problems. For example, in [http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk Donkey Sanctuary] projects overseas, which concern a younger population of working, breeding animals, there is a higher incidence of work-related wounds and dystocias.
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different problems. At The Donkey Sanctuary we have seen no instances of [[Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Donkey|squamous cell carcinoma]] of the external genitalia, nor melanomas in grey animals. Pedunculated lipoma causing [[Colic - Donkey|colic]] is rare, despite the tendency of the donkey to be obese.
 
different problems. At The Donkey Sanctuary we have seen no instances of [[Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Donkey|squamous cell carcinoma]] of the external genitalia, nor melanomas in grey animals. Pedunculated lipoma causing [[Colic - Donkey|colic]] is rare, despite the tendency of the donkey to be obese.
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<big>'''[[Donkey - Surgery General Principles|General Principles]]
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<big>'''[[Surgery General Principles - Donkey|General Principles]]
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'''[[Donkey - Castration|Castration]]
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'''[[Castration - Donkey|Castration]]
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'''[[Donkey - Flexural Deformity|Treatment of Flexural Deformity]]
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'''[[Flexural Deformity - Donkey|Treatment of Flexural Deformity]]
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'''[[Donkey - Exploratory Laparotomy|Exploratory Laparotomy]]</big>
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'''[[Exploratory Laparotomy - Donkey|Exploratory Laparotomy]]
    
'''[[Rectal Prolapse - Donkey|Rectal prolapse]]
 
'''[[Rectal Prolapse - Donkey|Rectal prolapse]]
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Rectal prolapse is commonly seen in working donkeys overseas that are suffering from heavy [[Donkey - Parasites|parasitism]], diarrhoea and malnutrition. Classification and treatment for the condition is as for the horse. There are two reports of rectal prolapse in donkeys in Egypt by Abd El-Kamm (1995).
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'''[[Sialolithiasis - Donkey|Sialolithiasis]]
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'''[[Sialolithiasis - Donkey|Sialolithiasis]]
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'''[[Mandibular Cleft - Donkey|Mandibular clefts]]
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There are two reports in the literature about this condition by Kay (2005) and Misk and Nigam (1984). Both reports are from clinics dealing with working donkeys in Egypt and Morocco respectively. Kay suggested that there was over-representation of donkeys with sialoliths but the reason for this is unknown.
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'''[[Maggot Therapy - Donkey|Maggot therapy for wound treatment]]</big>
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'''[[Mandibular Cleft - Donkey|Mandibular clefts]]
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==Literature Search==
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[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
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There are two reports of mandibular clefts and bifid tongues in the literature relating to the donkey and mule (Farmande and Stöhler, 1990; Bouayad et al, 2006). Surgery was performed in four cases, of which two were not returned by their owners for follow-up, one died, but one managed well.
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'''[[Maggot Therapy - Donkey|Maggot therapy for wound treatment]]
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Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
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[[Image:Maggot therapy donkey.jpg|right|thumb|250px|<small><center>Maggot therapy – treatment of a deep injection abscess. (Image courtesy of [http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk The Donkey Sanctuary])</center></small>]]
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<br><br><br>
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[http://drupal.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk The Donkey Sanctuary] has had two successful experiences using sterile maggots to treat
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[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?start=10&q=od%3A%28donkeys%29+AND+subject%3A%28surgery%29&fq=sc%3A%22ve%22 Surgery in donkeys related publications]
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deep infected necrotic wounds in donkeys. Sterile larvae of the common greenbottle, ''Lucilia sericata'', supplied by the Surgical
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Materials Testing Laboratory (SMTL) were used to debride wounds where conventional therapy had failed (Bell and Thomas 2001; Thiemann, 2003).
      
==References==
 
==References==
    
* Thiemann, A. (2008) Surgery In Svendsen, E.D., Duncan, J. and Hadrill, D. (2008) ''The Professional Handbook of the Donkey'', 4th edition, Whittet Books, Chapter 16
 
* Thiemann, A. (2008) Surgery In Svendsen, E.D., Duncan, J. and Hadrill, D. (2008) ''The Professional Handbook of the Donkey'', 4th edition, Whittet Books, Chapter 16
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* Abd El-Karim, R.(1995). ‘Two cases of rectal prolapse in the donkey’.''Equine Veterinary Education 7'' (1). pp 12-14.
 
* Abd El-Karim, R.(1995). ‘Two cases of rectal prolapse in the donkey’.''Equine Veterinary Education 7'' (1). pp 12-14.
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|linkpage =Clinical Section - Donkey
 
|linkpage =Clinical Section - Donkey
 
|linktext =Clinical Section - Donkey
 
|linktext =Clinical Section - Donkey
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|pagetype=Donkey
 
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{{infotable
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|Maintitle = [[Sponsors#The Donkey Sanctuary|This section was sponsored and content provided by '''THE DONKEY SANCTUARY''']]
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}}
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[[Category:Donkey]]
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[[Category:Clinical_Section_-_Donkey]]
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[[Category:Surgery_-_Donkey]]
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