Difference between revisions of "Embryo Transfer - Anatomy & Physiology"
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
| + | Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer has been commercially available since the 1970s, but not widely used because it requires a highly skilled team. | ||
== Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor == | == Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor == | ||
| − | * GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[ | + | * GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[Oestrous Cycle - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrous cycle]]. |
| − | * REASON: To prepare the [[ | + | * REASON: To prepare the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]] of the recipient to support [[Blastocyst Embryonic Development - Anatomy & Physiology|preattachment embryogenesis]]. |
* HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor. | * HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor. | ||
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== Superovulation of the Donor == | == Superovulation of the Donor == | ||
| − | * GOAL: To hyperstimulate [[ | + | * GOAL: To hyperstimulate [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovaries]] with gonadotrophins. |
| − | * REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of [[ | + | * REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of [[Follicles - Anatomy & Physiology|follicles]] that reach dominance and [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulate]]. |
* HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally '''FSH''' or one of its analogs is used. | * HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally '''FSH''' or one of its analogs is used. | ||
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== Inseminating the Donor == | == Inseminating the Donor == | ||
| − | * GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best [[Fertilisation | + | * GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best [[Fertilisation - Anatomy & Physiology|fertilisation]] rates and genetic combinations possible. |
* REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress. | * REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress. | ||
* HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators. | * HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators. | ||
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* REASON: To recover viable embryos. | * REASON: To recover viable embryos. | ||
* HOW: | * HOW: | ||
| − | ** Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the [[Rectum_- | + | ** Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]]. |
** At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium. | ** At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium. | ||
| − | ** A flushing medium is then introduced into the [[ | + | ** A flushing medium is then introduced into the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]], lavaged and returned through the catheter to a collection vessel. |
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== Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients == | == Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients == | ||
| + | * GOAL: To deposit a potentially viable embryo into the uterine horn of each recipient. | ||
| + | * REASON: To achieve pregnancy in each recipient. | ||
| + | * HOW: | ||
| + | ** Both donor and recipient have a [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpus luteum]] at similar stages of leutinization. | ||
| + | ** [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|Uterine environment]] in the donor and recipient are quite similar. | ||
| + | ** A single embryo is placed into the uterine horn using a transfer pipette. | ||
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| + | [[Category:Reproductive Technologies]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Bullet Points]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:48, 5 July 2012
Introduction
Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer has been commercially available since the 1970s, but not widely used because it requires a highly skilled team.
Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor
- GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the oestrous cycle.
- REASON: To prepare the uterus of the recipient to support preattachment embryogenesis.
- HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor.
Superovulation of the Donor
- GOAL: To hyperstimulate ovaries with gonadotrophins.
- REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of follicles that reach dominance and ovulate.
- HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally FSH or one of its analogs is used.
Inseminating the Donor
- GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best fertilisation rates and genetic combinations possible.
- REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress.
- HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators.
Recovery and Identification of Viable Embryos
- GOAL: To nonsurgically collect (flush) embryos from the donor to transfer.
- REASON: To recover viable embryos.
- HOW:
- Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the rectum.
- At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium.
- A flushing medium is then introduced into the uterus, lavaged and returned through the catheter to a collection vessel.
Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients
- GOAL: To deposit a potentially viable embryo into the uterine horn of each recipient.
- REASON: To achieve pregnancy in each recipient.
- HOW:
- Both donor and recipient have a corpus luteum at similar stages of leutinization.
- Uterine environment in the donor and recipient are quite similar.
- A single embryo is placed into the uterine horn using a transfer pipette.