Difference between revisions of "Parafilaria spp."

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=== ''PARAFILARIA'' SPECIES ===
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{{Taxobox
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==== General ====
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|name              = Parafilaria spp.
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*Filarial nematode (<6cm long).
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|kingdom            =  
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*Subcutaneous nodules and intermuscular connective tissue.
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|phylum            =  
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*Found in warmer countries (Asia, Africa, Europe, South America; UK in imported horses only).
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|class              = [[Nematodes|Nematoda]]
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|sub-class          =  
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|order              =  
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|super-family      = [[Filarioidea]]
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|family            =  
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|sub-family        =
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|genus              =  
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|species            =  
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}}
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==''P. bovicola''==
  
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==== Life-Cycle ====
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Also known as: '''''Summer bleeding disease — Verminous nodules
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*Indirect LC, horn fly (''Haematobia'') intermediate host.
 
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*Female worms perforate nodules and lay eggs on skin surface; hatch to L1.
 
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*Fly ingests L1 during feeding, develops to L3 inside fly.
 
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*New host infected when fly feeds on skin wound, L3 enters and matures to adult worm.
 
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*Prepatent period = 8-10months.
 
  
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==== Pathogenicity ====
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===Hosts===
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*Female worm punctures skin to lay eggs - bleeding points ("sweating blood"); most active in warm weather after horse exercised.
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'''Intermediate host''': [[Musca spp.|Muscid flies]]
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*Lesions only temporary, though reappear the following spring (worms live several years).
 
  
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'''Definitive host''': Cattle and buffalos
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===Identification===
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''P. bovicola'' are thin, white worms, ranging between 3-6cm in length.
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===Life Cycle===
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This parasite is of the superfamily [[Filarioidea]]. The life cycle of ''P. bovicola'' is indirect. The eggs hatch on the surface of the host. These eggs are ingested by the flies acting as intermediate hosts.  Larvae develop and transform into infective L3.  The flies then feed on the host, and the larvae are past onto the host. The larvae then enter the skin of the host, and develop into adults subcutaneously. 
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The prepatent period of ''P. bovicola'' is 7-9 months.
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==''P. multipapillosa''==
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Also known as: '''''Filaria haemorrhagica
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===Hosts===
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'''Intermediate hosts''': [[Horn fly|Horn flies]]
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'''Definitive host''': Horses and donkeys
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===Identification===
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''P. multipapillosa'' are slender white worms, measuring 3-7cm in length.
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===Life Cycle===
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The eggs or L1 are ingested by horn flies. The larvae mature into L3 several months later. Infected flies feed on the definitive host. The larvae then attach to the host, and begin to migrate under the skin of the host, where they develop into adults. 
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The prepatent period is 9-12 months.
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{{Learning
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|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28%22Parafilaria%22%29 ''Parafilaria'' spp. publications]
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|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/search?s=nematode Nematodes]
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}}
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==References==
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Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L., Wall,R.L. (2007) '''Veterinary Parasitology''' ''Blackwell Publishing''
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{{OpenPages}}
 
[[Category:Filarioidea]]
 
[[Category:Filarioidea]]
 
[[Category:Horse_Nematodes]]
 
[[Category:Horse_Nematodes]]

Latest revision as of 17:50, 4 June 2016


Parafilaria spp.
Class Nematoda
Super-family Filarioidea

P. bovicola

Also known as: Summer bleeding disease — Verminous nodules

Hosts

Intermediate host: Muscid flies

Definitive host: Cattle and buffalos

Identification

P. bovicola are thin, white worms, ranging between 3-6cm in length.

Life Cycle

This parasite is of the superfamily Filarioidea. The life cycle of P. bovicola is indirect. The eggs hatch on the surface of the host. These eggs are ingested by the flies acting as intermediate hosts. Larvae develop and transform into infective L3. The flies then feed on the host, and the larvae are past onto the host. The larvae then enter the skin of the host, and develop into adults subcutaneously.

The prepatent period of P. bovicola is 7-9 months.

P. multipapillosa

Also known as: Filaria haemorrhagica

Hosts

Intermediate hosts: Horn flies

Definitive host: Horses and donkeys

Identification

P. multipapillosa are slender white worms, measuring 3-7cm in length.

Life Cycle

The eggs or L1 are ingested by horn flies. The larvae mature into L3 several months later. Infected flies feed on the definitive host. The larvae then attach to the host, and begin to migrate under the skin of the host, where they develop into adults.

The prepatent period is 9-12 months.


Parafilaria spp. Learning Resources
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Vetstream
To reach the Vetstream content, please select 		Canis, Felis, Lapis or Equis
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Literature Search
Search for recent publications via CAB Abstract
(CABI log in required) 		Parafilaria spp. publications


References

Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L., Wall,R.L. (2007) Veterinary Parasitology Blackwell Publishing



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