Difference between revisions of "Category:Actinomycetes"

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===Overview===
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{{frontpage
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|pagetitle =Actinomycetes
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|pagebody = Actinomycetes organisms are gram positive bacteria that grow slowly on media and produce branching filaments. They are associated with opportunistic infections causing inflammatory responses and granulomatous reactions; animal pathogens include ''Actinomyces, Arcanobacterium, Actinobaculum, Nocardia'' and ''Dermatophilus''.
  
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*Gram positive bacteria  
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Actinomycetes organisms are non-motile, non-spore-forming bacteria which are anaerobic or facultative anaerobes that typically colonise mucous membranes. They will grow on enriched media and are non-acid fast, Modified Ziehl-Neelson negative when stained.
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*Grow slowly on media and produce branching filaments
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Clinically, this class of organisms includes ''Micropolyspora faeni and Thermactinomyces vulgaris'' - these are implicated in [[Extrinsic Allergic Bronchio-Alveolitis|Bovine Farmers Lung]] and ''Thermactinomyces vulgaris'' is associated with the pathology of [[Recurrent Airway Obstruction|RAO]] in horses.
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*Opportunistic infections causing inflammatory responses and granulomatous reactions
 
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*Animal pathogens include ''Actinomyces, Arcanobacterium, Actinobaculum, Nocardia'' and ''Dermatophilus''
 
  
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===''Arcanobacterium, Actinomyces'' and ''Actinobaculum'' species===
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|contenttitle =Content
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|contentbody =<big><b>
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<categorytree mode=pages>Actinomycetes</categorytree>
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</b></big>
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|logo =bugs-logo copy.png
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}}
  
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*Non-motile, non-spore-forming bacteria
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[[Category:Bacterial Organisms]]
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*Anaerobic or facultative anaerobes
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[[Category:Gram_positive_bacteria]]
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*Grow on enriched media; non-acid fast
 
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*Colonise mucous membranes
 
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*Modified Ziehl-Neelson negative
 
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<big>'''''<ncl style=compact maxdepth=2 headings=bullet headstart=2 showcats=1 showarts=1>Category:{{PAGENAME}}</ncl></big>
 
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''[[Arcanobacterium pyogenes]]''
 
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''[[:Category:Actinomyces|Actinomyces]]''
 
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===''[[Actinobaculum suis]]''===
 
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===''[[:Category:Nocardia|Nocardia]]''===
 
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===''Dermatophilus congolensis''===
 
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*Filamentous, branching actinomycete
 
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*Aerobic
 
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*Produces motile zoospores
 
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*No growth on Sabouraud dextrose agar
 
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*Dermatophilosis most prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions
 
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*Organisms found in scabs and in foci in skin of carrier animals
 
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*Dormant zoospores become activated when moisture and temperature levels are favourable
 
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*Zoospores may survive 3 years in scabs
 
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*'''Pathogenicity''':
 
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**Does not usually invade healthy skin
 
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**Entrance after trauma or persistent wetting
 
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**Activated zoospores produce germ tubes which develop into filaments which invade the epidermis
 
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**Invasion causes an accute inflammatory response with many [[Neutrophils - WikiBlood|neutrophils]]
 
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**Microabscesses are formed in the skin
 
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**Raised crusts develop in the affected regions
 
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*[[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Dermatophilosis|'''Pathology''']]
 
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*'''Diagnosis''':
 
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**Giemsa-stained smears from scabs reveal branching filaments containing zoospores
 
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**Immunofluorescence
 
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**Scab material can be cultured on blood agar at 37 degrees centigrade, 2.5-10% carbon dioxide for 5 days
 
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**Zoospores can be cultured
 
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**After incubation, colonies are yellow and haemolytic (after 48 hours); they later become rough and yellow, and gain a mucoid appearance
 
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**No growth on Sabouraud dectrose agar
 
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*'''Clinical infections''':
 
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**Infection usually confined to epidermis
 
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**Dermatophilosis
 
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**Disease most prevalent in young animals
 
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**Damage to the skin predisposes to infection; blood-sucking insects also thought to be involved in transmission
 
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**Lesions after heavy rainfall predominantly affect dorsum of farm animals
 
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**Papules, serous, exudative matting of hair, raised crusty scabs
 
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**Scab formation more prominent in sheep and cattle than in horses
 
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**Lesions may resolve within weeks if dry weather, or may progress
 
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*'''Treatment''':
 
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**Parenteral antibiotics e.g oxytetracycline, pr penicillin-streptomycin combinations
 
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*''Micropolyspora faeni and Thermactinomyces vulgaris'' in [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Extrinsic Allergic Bronchio-alveolitis|Bovine Farmers Lung]]
 
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*''Thermactinomyces vulgaris'' may cause [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)|COPD]]
 
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[[Category:Bacteria]]
 

Latest revision as of 16:19, 19 February 2011

Actinomycetes

Actinomycetes organisms are gram positive bacteria that grow slowly on media and produce branching filaments. They are associated with opportunistic infections causing inflammatory responses and granulomatous reactions; animal pathogens include Actinomyces, Arcanobacterium, Actinobaculum, Nocardia and Dermatophilus.

Actinomycetes organisms are non-motile, non-spore-forming bacteria which are anaerobic or facultative anaerobes that typically colonise mucous membranes. They will grow on enriched media and are non-acid fast, Modified Ziehl-Neelson negative when stained.

Clinically, this class of organisms includes Micropolyspora faeni and Thermactinomyces vulgaris - these are implicated in Bovine Farmers Lung and Thermactinomyces vulgaris is associated with the pathology of RAO in horses.

Content

▼ Actinomycetes
► Actinomyces
► Nocardia species
  Actinomycetes Overview
  Actinobaculum suis
  Arcanobacterium pyogenes
  Dermatophilus congolensis
  Renibacterium salmoninarum

Subcategories

This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.

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N

Pages in category "Actinomycetes"

The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total.

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D

R

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