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Skin Other - Pathology (view source)

Revision as of 18:23, 22 February 2011

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[[Seborrhea]]
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==Epidermal growth or differentiation disorders==
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===Seborrheic disease complex===
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*Abnormal cornification or function of sebaceous glands
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*Large amounts of free fatty acids and cholesterol
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*Decreased amounts of diester waxes in surface lipids
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*Bacterial population changes to pathogenic [[:Category:Staphylococcus species|coagulase positive staphylococci]]
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*Chronic disease affecting mainly dogs, sometimes cats and horses
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*Dry form - white to grey scales
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*Greasy form - scaly, excess brown to yellow lipids sticking to skin and hair
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===Primary idiopathic seborrhea===
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*Abnormal cornification
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*Epidermal turnover reduced to about 2/3 of normal
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*Microscopically:
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**Hyperkeratosis distending follicular ostia causing papillary appearance
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**Parakeratosis at edges of follicular ostia
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**Congested, oedematous dermal papillae
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**Spongiotic epidermis with leukocytes
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===Secondary seborrhea===
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*Develops secondarily to many types of disease (''e.g.'' [[:Category:Integumentary System - Parasitic Infections|ectoparasites]], [[:Category:Integumentary System - Mycotic Infections|fungal infections]], [[Endocrine effects on the skin - Pathology|endocrine disease]], internal disease or allergy)
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*Microscopically:
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**Hyperkeratosis and/or parakeratosis of follicles and epidermis
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**Lesions relevant to the other disease
      
===Sebaceous adenitis===
 
===Sebaceous adenitis===
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*Epidermal growth or differentiation disorder
 
*Inflammation of sebaceous glands, alopecia, hyperkeratosis
 
*Inflammation of sebaceous glands, alopecia, hyperkeratosis
 
*Possibly immune-mediated
 
*Possibly immune-mediated
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**Possibly orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis
 
**Possibly orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis
 
**Chronic lesions are deprived of sebaceous glands and contain mild inflammation and fibrosis at follicular isthmus
 
**Chronic lesions are deprived of sebaceous glands and contain mild inflammation and fibrosis at follicular isthmus
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
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==Pigmentation disorders==
 
==Pigmentation disorders==
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*Examples of hereditary conditions: Maltese dilution of cats, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, leukoderma and leukotrichia of Dobermans, Arabian fading syndrome
 
*Examples of hereditary conditions: Maltese dilution of cats, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, leukoderma and leukotrichia of Dobermans, Arabian fading syndrome
 
*Asociated with some immune-mediated disorders, ''e.g.'' [[Discoid Lupus Erythematosus|discoid lupus erythematosus]]
 
*Asociated with some immune-mediated disorders, ''e.g.'' [[Discoid Lupus Erythematosus|discoid lupus erythematosus]]
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
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===Hyperpigmentation===
 
===Hyperpigmentation===
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*Results from irritation or inflammation, pigmented neoplasms or [[Endocrine effects on the skin - Pathology|metabolic diseases]]
 
*Results from irritation or inflammation, pigmented neoplasms or [[Endocrine effects on the skin - Pathology|metabolic diseases]]
 
*Lentigo - circumscribed macular or slightly raised plaque with epidermal hyperplasia and hyperpigmentation
 
*Lentigo - circumscribed macular or slightly raised plaque with epidermal hyperplasia and hyperpigmentation
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
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==Eosinophilic infiltration==
 
==Eosinophilic infiltration==
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*Grossly:raised plaques, erythematous, pruritic, erosed or ulcerated
 
*Grossly:raised plaques, erythematous, pruritic, erosed or ulcerated
 
*Microscopically: acanthosis, spongiosis, erosions or ulceration, predominantly eosinophilic dermatitis, possibly areas of collagen degeneration
 
*Microscopically: acanthosis, spongiosis, erosions or ulceration, predominantly eosinophilic dermatitis, possibly areas of collagen degeneration
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
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===Eosinophilic granulomas===
 
===Eosinophilic granulomas===
 
*Involves cats, dogs, horses
 
*Involves cats, dogs, horses
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**Nodular dermatitis or stomatitis
 
**Nodular dermatitis or stomatitis
 
**Fragments of degenerated collagen surrounded by eosinophils and macrophages
 
**Fragments of degenerated collagen surrounded by eosinophils and macrophages
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
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===Eosinophilic folliculitis and furunculosis===
 
===Eosinophilic folliculitis and furunculosis===
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*Possibly due to arthropod bites
 
*Possibly due to arthropod bites
 
*May be multifocal in horses
 
*May be multifocal in horses
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
    
==Sterile granulomatous disorders==
 
==Sterile granulomatous disorders==
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*Grossly: pustular and nodular dermatitis with oedema involving the face, ears, mucocutaneous junctions
 
*Grossly: pustular and nodular dermatitis with oedema involving the face, ears, mucocutaneous junctions
 
*Microscopically: granulomatous or pyogranulomatous perifolliculitis, paniculitis and dermatitis
 
*Microscopically: granulomatous or pyogranulomatous perifolliculitis, paniculitis and dermatitis
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
    
===Equine generalised granulomatous disease===
 
===Equine generalised granulomatous disease===
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*Grossly: alopecia, scales, crusts, sometimes nodules and masses
 
*Grossly: alopecia, scales, crusts, sometimes nodules and masses
 
*Microscopically: multifocal granulomas, multinucleated giant cells
 
*Microscopically: multifocal granulomas, multinucleated giant cells
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]]
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