Difference between revisions of "Bones Developmental - Pathology"

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===[[Cervical Vertebral Stenotic Myelopathy]] ===
 
===[[Cervical Vertebral Stenotic Myelopathy]] ===
  
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===Angular limb deformity===
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===[[Angular Limb Deformity]]===
  
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*Lateral deviation of distal portion of limb (valgus)
 
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*Medial deviation of distal portion of limb (varus) - more rare
 
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*Most common in foals
 
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**Carpal joint
 
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**Tarsal joint
 
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**Fetlock joint
 
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*Congenital or acquired
 
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*Due to:
 
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**Malpositioning in utero
 
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**Excessive joint laxity
 
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**[[Hypothyroidism|Hypothyroidism]]
 
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**Trauma
 
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**Overnutrition
 
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**Defective endochondral ossification
 
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**Poor conformation
 
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**Disruption of blood supply to one side of bone
 
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**Secondary to [[Bones Developmental - Pathology#Physitis|physitis in horses]]
 
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*Usually resolves spontaneously in one to two weeks of life
 
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*More severe cases exceding compensatory capabilities will persisist
 
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*[[Bone & Cartilage Development - Anatomy & Physiology|Cartilage development]] is affected
 
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[[Category:Bones - Developmental Pathology]]
 
  
  

Revision as of 18:09, 27 February 2011

Generalised

Dwarfism


Chondrodysplasia

Osteopetrosis

Lysosomal Storage Disease

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Congenital Hyperostosis

Retention of Elongated Primary Trabeculae

Localised

  • Hemimelia - abscence of one of limb bones
  • Syndactylia - fusion of toes
  • Polydactylia - increased number of digits
  • Ectrodactylia - cleft in paw extending to metacarpus of dogs and cats


Cervical Vertebral Stenotic Myelopathy

Angular Limb Deformity

Fibrous dysplasia


Physitis

  • In horses
  • Often associated with angular limb deformity
  • Also called epiphysitis and physeal dysplasia
  • Problem of endochondral ossification
  • Two age groups
    • Weanlings
    • Yearlings in early training and two-year-olds
  • May cause contracted tendons and flexural deformities
  • Factors probably involved in its development:
    • Genetically fast growth rate
    • Large quantities of imbalanced, high energy feed
    • Imbalanced weight-bearing on joints
    • Excessive activity
    • Growth spurts
  • Histologically: (appearance similar to angular limb deformity)
    • Lateral aspect of radius
      • Thickened metaphyseal part of physeal cartilage
      • -> Delay or disturbance of endochondral ossification
      • Compression
    • Central part
      • No obvious deformity
    • Medial aspect
    • Laxity of periarticular attachements in young foals allows angular limb deformity; not occuring in older foals and young horses
    • (Sustained trauma produces similar lesions)



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Developmental abnormalities

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