Difference between revisions of "Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards"

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*'''''270'''''
 
*'''''270'''''
 
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Development|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Development|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where is the myenteric plexus?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Between the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers of the tunica muscularis'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Structure|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What are the functions of the small intestine?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Mixing, transportation, digestion and absorption'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Function|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Name the two types of muscle contraction in the small intestine.'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Segemental and peristaltic'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#To mix content and transport chyme|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What is the migrating myoelectric complex?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''The peristaltic wave of contraction moves from the duodenum to the ileum'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#To mix content and transport chyme|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What is the main structural difference between amylopectin and glycogen?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Both have α1-4 and α1-6 glycosidic bonds but glycogen has more α1-6 links, with shorter side chains'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What are the products of α-amylase digestion?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Di-, tri-, and oligo-saccharides'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Describe the mechanism of glucose absorption.'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Na+/K+ pumps pump Na+ into the lumen. Na+ diffuses back into the enterocyte through a SGLT-1 symport which releases energy. Energy is used to transport glucose into the enterocyte up its concentration gradient.'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Which GLUT allows glucose to diffuse from the enterocyte to the blood?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''GLUT 5'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where does TAG digestion begin and with which enzyme?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Oral cavity with lingual lipase'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What are the functions of bile?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''(i) emulsifies fat (ii) creates an interface for pancreatic lipase to digest water insoluble fat'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What positions can pancreatic lipase remove fatty acids from glycerol?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''1 and 3'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''What is the rate limiting step in TAG digestion?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Isomerase reaction'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''How do TAG leave the enterocyte?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''In chylomicrons through lacteals into the lymph'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where does protein digestion begin and with which enzyme?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Stomach, with pepsin'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Name three endopeptidases present in the small intestine.'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where are carboxypeptidases produced?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''In the pancreas, as zymogens'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''How are di-, tri-, and oligo-peptides absorbed?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''γ Glutamyl cycle'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where effect does parasympathetic innervation have in the small intestine?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Increased motility and secretion'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Regulation & Control|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where are Brunner's glands located?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Submucosa of duodenum'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Histology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Name three cell types present in the muscosal crypts'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''(i)Goblet (ii)Entero-endocrine (iii) Paneth'''''
 +
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Histology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
|}
 
|}
  

Revision as of 10:32, 25 July 2008

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Small Intestine Flashcards

Question Answer Article
From which embyronic germ layer does the tunica muscularis develop?
  • Splanchnic mesoderm
 Link to Answer Article
In development, how many degrees does the loop of gut rotate?
  • 270
 Link to Answer Article
Where is the myenteric plexus?
  • Between the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers of the tunica muscularis
 Link to Answer Article
What are the functions of the small intestine?
  • Mixing, transportation, digestion and absorption
 Link to Answer Article
Name the two types of muscle contraction in the small intestine.
  • Segemental and peristaltic
 Link to Answer Article
What is the migrating myoelectric complex?
  • The peristaltic wave of contraction moves from the duodenum to the ileum
 Link to Answer Article
What is the main structural difference between amylopectin and glycogen?
  • Both have α1-4 and α1-6 glycosidic bonds but glycogen has more α1-6 links, with shorter side chains
 Link to Answer Article
What are the products of α-amylase digestion?
  • Di-, tri-, and oligo-saccharides
 Link to Answer Article
Describe the mechanism of glucose absorption.
  • Na+/K+ pumps pump Na+ into the lumen. Na+ diffuses back into the enterocyte through a SGLT-1 symport which releases energy. Energy is used to transport glucose into the enterocyte up its concentration gradient.
 Link to Answer Article
Which GLUT allows glucose to diffuse from the enterocyte to the blood?
  • GLUT 5
 Link to Answer Article
Where does TAG digestion begin and with which enzyme?
  • Oral cavity with lingual lipase
 Link to Answer Article
What are the functions of bile?
  • (i) emulsifies fat (ii) creates an interface for pancreatic lipase to digest water insoluble fat
 Link to Answer Article
What positions can pancreatic lipase remove fatty acids from glycerol?
  • 1 and 3
 Link to Answer Article
What is the rate limiting step in TAG digestion?
  • Isomerase reaction
 Link to Answer Article
How do TAG leave the enterocyte?
  • In chylomicrons through lacteals into the lymph
 Link to Answer Article
Where does protein digestion begin and with which enzyme?
  • Stomach, with pepsin
 Link to Answer Article
Name three endopeptidases present in the small intestine.
  • Trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase
 Link to Answer Article
Where are carboxypeptidases produced?
  • In the pancreas, as zymogens
 Link to Answer Article
How are di-, tri-, and oligo-peptides absorbed?
  • γ Glutamyl cycle
 Link to Answer Article
Where effect does parasympathetic innervation have in the small intestine?
  • Increased motility and secretion
 Link to Answer Article
Where are Brunner's glands located?
  • Submucosa of duodenum
 Link to Answer Article
Name three cell types present in the muscosal crypts
  • (i)Goblet (ii)Entero-endocrine (iii) Paneth
 Link to Answer Article



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