Difference between revisions of "Insulinoma"

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**German Shepherd
 
**German Shepherd
 
**Labrador Retriever
 
**Labrador Retriever
 +
**Standard Poodle
 
**Boxer
 
**Boxer
  
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==Description==
 
==Description==
 
Insulinomas are well slow growing, encapsulated, functional tumours of the islet of pancreatic islet cells, which secrete insulin autonomously.  They are predominantly malignant (90% of canine isulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes, liver and omentum.
 
Insulinomas are well slow growing, encapsulated, functional tumours of the islet of pancreatic islet cells, which secrete insulin autonomously.  They are predominantly malignant (90% of canine isulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes, liver and omentum.
 +
  
 
==Diagnosis==
 
==Diagnosis==
 
===Clinical Signs===
 
===Clinical Signs===
 +
The following signs are attributal to hypoglycaemia:
 +
*collapse
 +
*muscle tremor
 +
*muscle weakness
 +
*ataxia
 +
*mentally dull and disorientated
  
 +
*These sigs may be intermittent at the beginning of the disease, but this becomes progressively more often.  In between hypoglycaemic episodes, the animals are normal.
  
  
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===Diagnostic Imaging===
 
===Diagnostic Imaging===
 +
====Radiography====
 +
A thoracic radiograph may be used to identify any pulmonary metastases, but this is uncommon.
  
 +
====Ultrasonography====
 +
Occasionally, it may be possible to visualise the location of the tumour on the pancreas.  However, this may not be possible if the tumous is too small.  Metastases to lymph nodes and liver can sometimes be revealed.
  
  

Revision as of 11:41, 20 August 2009



Category:WikiClinical CanineCow
Category:WikiClinical FelineCow


Signalment

  • More common in dogs than cats
  • Middle-aged to older dogs
  • No sex predisposition
  • Breed predisposition, more common in medium to large-breed dogs:
    • Irish Setter
    • German Shepherd
    • Labrador Retriever
    • Standard Poodle
    • Boxer


Description

Insulinomas are well slow growing, encapsulated, functional tumours of the islet of pancreatic islet cells, which secrete insulin autonomously. They are predominantly malignant (90% of canine isulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes, liver and omentum.


Diagnosis

Clinical Signs

The following signs are attributal to hypoglycaemia:

  • collapse
  • muscle tremor
  • muscle weakness
  • ataxia
  • mentally dull and disorientated
  • These sigs may be intermittent at the beginning of the disease, but this becomes progressively more often. In between hypoglycaemic episodes, the animals are normal.


Laboratory Tests

Haematology

Biochemistry

  • Hypoglycemia

Other Tests

Diagnostic Imaging

Radiography

A thoracic radiograph may be used to identify any pulmonary metastases, but this is uncommon.

Ultrasonography

Occasionally, it may be possible to visualise the location of the tumour on the pancreas. However, this may not be possible if the tumous is too small. Metastases to lymph nodes and liver can sometimes be revealed.


Histopathology

Treatment

Prognosis

References

  • Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E. C. (2000) Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat Volume 2 (Fifth Edition) W.B. Saunders Company.
  • Fossum, T. W. et. al. (2007) Small Animal Surgery (Third Edition) Mosby Elsevier
  • Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition) Mosby Elsevier.